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Based on this retrospective review we did not observe a difference in TMC based on daptomycin dose and MIC; however, there were various limitations to this study, and the study was not powered to detect a difference in TMC. Also, prior vancomycin exposure did not appear to influence daptomycin MICs. The frequency of daptomycin MICs of 3-4 mg/L reported in this study is higher than those reported in the literature.

Cascade reporting (CR) involves reporting the susceptibilities of broad-spectrum agents only when the organism is resistant to more narrow-spectrum agents. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of CR on antibiotic de-escalation practices and to characterize the impact of CR on clinical outcomes. CR rules were implemented in the microbiology laboratory at Atlantic Health System (AHS) in June 2013. A retrospective chart review was conducted at two community teaching hospitals in adult patients who had a blood culture positive for a Gram-negative organism susceptible to cefazolin and who were empirically treated with broad-spectrum beta-lactam (BSBL) antibiotics. De-escalation practices were compared in the pre-CR (July 2012-December 2012) and post-CR (July 2013-December 2013) periods. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients whose BSBL agent was de-escalated to agents listed on the post-CR antibiotic susceptibility report within 48 h of the final report. Secondary endpoints include the difference in pre-CR and post-CR periods in terms of hospital length of stay, in-hospital mortality, 30-day readmission, Clostridium difficile infections, and re-initiation of a BSBL agent within 7 days. A total of 73 patients were included; 31 in the pre-CR and 42 in the post-CR period. Patients had similar baseline characteristics. Therapy was de-escalated in 48 % of pre-CR vs 71 % of post-CR patients (p = 0.043). No significant differences were observed in secondary endpoints between patients in the pre-CR and post-CR periods. CR resulted in significant improvements in de-escalation practices without affecting safety outcomes.

Chryseobacterium indologenes is a rare cause of infection in select immunosuppressed hosts. Most prior reports are from Taiwan, in patients with diabetes mellitus or malignancies. Infections caused by C. indologenes are generally associated with indwelling devices, and the organism may be resistant to many commonly utilized broad-spectrum antibiotics. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of C. indologenes subcutaneous port-related bacteremia in a liver transplant recipient. The isolates were resistant to antibiotics previously reported as active, and device removal was required for treatment success.

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