Carbon formation and sintering remain the main culprits regarding catalyst deactivation in the dry and bi-reforming of methane reactions (DRM and BRM, respectively). Nickel based catalysts (10 wt.%) supported on alumina (Al2O3) have shown no exception in this study, but can be improved by the addition of tin and ceria. The effect of two different Sn loadings on this base have been examined for the DRM reaction over 20 h, before selecting the most appropriate Sn/Ni ratio and promoting the alumina base with 20 wt.% of CeO2. This catalyst then underwent activity measurements over a range of temperatures and space velocities, before undergoing experimentation in BRM. It not only showed good levels of conversions for DRM, but exhibited stable conversions towards BRM, reaching an equilibrium H2/CO product ratio in the process. In fact, this work reveals how multicomponent Ni catalysts can be effectively utilised to produce flexible syngas streams from CO2/CH4 mixtures as an efficient route for CO2 utilisation

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Advanced catalytic technologies are crucial to enable the transition toward a low-carbon industry with minimized CO 2 emissions. This paper showcases the application of highly effective Ru-promoted Ni-based catalysts for gas-phase CO 2 upgrading: CO 2 methanation and reverse water−gas shift. The addition of small amounts of Ru results in a remarkable enhancement of CO 2 conversion and selectivity. The bimetallic Ru-Ni catalyst displays greater metallic dispersion, tuned electronic properties and outstanding stability for long-term runs, a mandatory requisite for its implementation in actual CO 2 conversion units. The singularity of our advanced catalyst lays on its capacity to work effectively for both the CO 2 methanation and the reverse water−gas shift, allowing end-product flexibility by adjusting the reactor temperature. Such versatility opens a big range of possibilities to adapt this technology in heavy carbon industries whose net CO 2 emissions represent a big share in the global greenhouse gases emissions.

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The conversion of CO2 into CO via the Reverse Water–Gas Shift (RWGS) reaction is a suitable route for CO2 valorisation. Fe-based catalysts are highly active for this reaction, but their activity and selectivity can be substantially boosted by adding Cs as a promoter. In this work we demonstrate that Cs modifies the redox behaviour and the surface chemistry of the iron-based materials. The metallic dispersion and the amount of metallic Fe centres available for the reaction depends on Cs loading. 5 wt. % of Cs is an optimum amount of dopant to achieve a fair activity/selective balance. Nevertheless, depending on the RWGS reactor operational temperature, lower concentrations of Cs also lead to acceptable catalytic performance. Along with the excellent activity of the prepared materials this work showcases their robustness for long-term runs and the strong impact of H2/CO ratio in the overall catalytic performance.