Introduction: HIV infection is still a public health problem worldwide, and co-infections with other infectious agents, including intestinal parasites are of particular concern, mainly in developing countries, like Colombia. Objective: To conducte a cross-sectional research in patients attending an HIV care program in the province of Antioquia, given that intestinal prevalence studies on the HIV population are few in the country,. Material and methods: Stool samples from 192 patients were evaluated by direct wet mount and concentration; modified Ziehl Neelsen staining and agar plate culture. Univariate and correlation analyses were done to explore the association between socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and, parasitological data. Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV positive subjects was 29.2% (56/192; 95%CI: 22.8% to 35.6%), being Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/ moshkosvkii 13.0% (25/192; 95%CI: 8.2% to 17.8%), and Blastocystis 12.0% (23/192; 95%CI: 7.4% to 16.6%) the most frequent. Opportunistic parasites like Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli were less prevalent, each one with 0.5% of positive samples (1/192; 95%CI: 0.1% to 1.5%). Commensal protozoa were also detected, with a prevalence of 18.8% (36/192; 95%CI: 13.3% to 24.3%). Most of the individuals in the study had a controlled viral load and an LTCD4 count greater than 200 cel/µL. A small percentage (9.3%) had diarrhea. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression showed that only age and having pets had a significant association with intestinal parasites in the studied cohort. Conclusions: Our results confirm that the population evaluated is at high risk of intestinal parasite infection, which highlights the need to include routine screening for gastrointestinal parasites to provide prompt treatment and reduce possible complications.
Introducción: A pesar de la efectividad de la terapia antirretroviral altamente activa para el control de la infección por VIH, 15-30% de estos pacientes desarrollan Síndrome Inflamatorio de Reconstitución Inmune (IRIS), consistente en un empeoramiento clínico al inicio de la Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Actividad (TARAA). Es importante conocer la prevalencia y características de las personas con IRIS que ayuden a generar estrategias de prevención. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia y las características clínicas y sociodemográficas de un grupo de pacientes con VIH que presentaron IRIS en una institución de salud, Antioquia – Colombia. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo, en el cual se analizaron datos clínicos de 188 pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH que recibieron TARAA entre 2.013 y 2.018. La presencia de IRIS fue definida según los criterios French 2.004 o criterios de alta sospecha acorde con el historial de infecciones oportunistas (IO) en aquellos pacientes con información clínica incompleta. Resultados: La prevalencia de IRIS fue de 12,8% (de estos el 12,5% por criterios French y 87,5% por criterios de alta sospecha). Entre quienes presentaron IRIS, 25% fueron mujeres con una edad media de 41,5 años; 91,6% presentaron IO, siendo más común la infección por tuberculosis (72,7%). Conclusiones: En la era de la TARAA, aún se presenta un número importante de casos de IRIS, lo cual resulta en la necesidad de continuar implementando protocolos actualizados de prevención y diagnóstico e inicio temprano del tratamiento.
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