Nowadays, <span lang="EN-US">the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is considered an ongoing pandemic that spread quickly in most countries around the world. The COVID-19 causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. Moreover, the technique of chest computed tomography (CT) is a method used in the detection of COVID-19. However, the CT method consumes more time and higher-cost as compared with chest X-ray images. Therefore, this paper presents convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm in the detection of COVID-19 by using X-ray images. In this method, we have used a balanced image database for the normal (healthy) and COVID-19 subjects. The total number of image database is 188 samples (94 healthy samples and 94 COVID-19 samples). Furthermore, there are several evaluation measurements are used to evaluate the proposed model such as accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity, F-measure, G-mean, and others. According to the experimental results, the proposed model obtains 98.68% accuracy, 100% precision, and 100% specificity. Besides, the proposed model achieves 97.37%, 98.67%, and 98.68% for sensitivity, F-measure, and G-mean, respectively. The performance of the proposed model by using CNN algorithm shows promising results in the detection of COVID-19. Also, it has outperformed all its comparatives in terms of detection accuracy.</span>

Systems of facial emotion recognition have witnessed a high significance in the research field. The face emotions are based on human facial expressions which play a crucial role in silent communication. Machine learning algorithms have widely used in systems of human facial emotion detection from images. However, many systems suffer from low accuracy rate. In this paper, we present a system of facial emotion recognition by using images. In this proposed system, the samples of facial emotions have taken from Yale Face database. In addition, the histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) is used to extract features from the images. The extracted features will feed the fast learning network (FLN) algorithm for the classification part to identify the images of facial emotions with respect to their subjects. Many evaluation measurements have used to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. Based on the results of the experiment, the proposed system achieves 95.04% for the highest accuracy, 72.73% precision. Also, the results of the proposed system in terms of recall, f-measure, and G-main are all equal to 72.73%, respectively.

In recent years, systems of ear recognition are considered a significant topic of research in the biometrics field. In such systems, the models of machine learning represent a principal part in order to recognise humans’ identities by using their ear images. In this paper, a system of ear recognition is proposed by using random forest (RF) and histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) techniques. The HOG is used to extract features from ear images. Subsequently, these extracted features will be fed to the RF classifier to classify the ear images with respect to the classes. In this study, the ear images have been selected from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, second version (IITD II). The performance of the proposed system has evaluated by using different evaluation measures such as accuracy, specificity, and G-mean. The experimental results show that the proposed system for ear recognition obtains accuracy up to 99.69%. Furthermore, this system archives 99.84% and 80.78% for specificity and G-mean, respectively. The proposed system has the ability to identify persons through their ear images effectively.