Obesity is a serious public health issue worldwide. Finding safe and efficacious products to reverse obesity has proven to be a difficult challenge. This study showed the effects of Coffea arabica or green coffee bean extract (GCBE) on obesity disorders and the improvement of obesity-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. The active constituents of GCBE were identified via high-performance liquid chromatography. Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The first group (Group I) was fed a control diet, whereas the second group was fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks till obesity induction. The second group was equally subdivided into Group II, which received HFD, and Group III, which received HFD + GCBE for another eight weeks. The body and organ weights of the animals were measured, and blood and adipose tissue samples were collected for analysis. The results indicated that the administration of GCBE significantly decreased the body and organ weights. Furthermore, it had an ameliorative effect on serum biochemical parameters. It dramatically reduced total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and insulin levels. In addition, an improvement in homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and an enhancement of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were observed compared with the HFD group. In addition, the group treated with GCBE exhibited a marked increase in serum levels of adiponectin (an anti-inflammatory adipokine). In addition, a considerable reduction in adipocyte hypertrophy was found following GCBE treatment. Remarkably, the administration of GCBE resulted in a remarkable decrease in the expression of RBP4 (a pro-inflammatory cytokine), whereas an increase in GLLUT4 expression was observed in the adipose tissue. This improved insulin resistance in GCBE-administered HFD rats compared with other HFD rats. Our study showed that GCBE exhibits anti-obesity activity and may be used as a natural supplement to prevent and treat obesity and its associated disorders.

The present work was performed to elucidate the effect of linseed oil supplementation on metabolic disorders in induced obese male albino rats. Thirty male Albino Wister rats were used in this investigation. They were categorized into two groups; 10 rats received a controldiet, and 20 rats were supplied a high-fat diet for two months till the induction of obesity. Then, rats were split into 3 groups (10 rats each). Group I was maintained on a control diet. Group II was maintained on HFD only. group III received HFD with 30% linseed oil for further two months. At the end of the experiment, the rat's body and organs weights were assessed. Blood samples and adipose tissue were obtained for analysis. The results revealed that linseed oil supplementation caused a substantial (P < 0.05) reduction in serum TC, TAG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, glucose, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR. However, HDL-C and adiponectin levels showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase when compared with the HFD group. Linseed oil supplementation also caused significant down regulation of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) gene expression, however, the GLUT4 gene showed significant upregulation. From the obtained results it could be concluded that linseed oil has an ameliorative effect on altered lipid profile caused by obesity. In addition, linseed oil caused improvement of insulin resistance in addition to the pro and anti-inflammatory biomarkers GLUT4 Insulin resistance Linseed oil Obesity RBP4