IntroducciónDentro de las funciones más importantes de los linfocitos T están la defensa frente a microorganismos intracelulares y la activación de otras células, como macrófagos y linfocitos B. Una característica esencial para estas funciones es la especificidad limitada de los linfocitos T por los antígenos mostrados por las Complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad y desarrollo de vacunas ResumenSin duda, las vacunas se constituyen en una alternativa viable y efectiva para el control de las enfermedades infectocontagiosas, sin embargo, una estrategia exitosa para el diseño de vacunas debe tener en consideración muchos de los aspectos de la respuesta inmune en una población heterogénea y en su forma de reconocer y presentar los antígenos de los patógenos. Por lo tanto, no solamente el entendimiento preciso de los mecanismos inmunes involucrados en la resistencia a infecciones sino la identificación de las moléculas del patógeno que son el blanco de respuesta protectora, serán motivo central de la investigación en vacunas en el futuro inmediato. El presente artículo de revisión profundiza en el descubrimiento, ubicación, expresión, estructura, herencia, polimorfismo e importancia del complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad; además, presenta los avances en elo uso de primates como modelo para el desarrollo de vacunas.Palabras claves: vacuna, MHC, histocompatibilidad, primates, herencia, desarrollo. Abstract Mayor complex histocompatibility and vaccines development.Without doubt, the vaccines are the most viable and effective alternative for the control of the contagious infected diseases, however, a successful strategy for the vaccines design must have in consideration many of the aspects of exempt response in a heterogeneous population and in your form of recognizing and presenting the antigens of the patogens. Therefore, not only the accurate understanding of the exempt mechanisms involved in the resistance to infections but the identification of the molecules of the patogen that they are protective response target, they will be central motive of the investigation in vaccines in the immediate future.The present review article deepens in the discovery, location, expression, structure, inheritance, polymorphism and importance of major complex hispocompatibility, and presents the advances in the use of primates as model for the vaccines development.
Gastric cancer is one of the main causes of death by cancer in the world and the infection with Helicobacter pylori is one of the main risk factors associated with its appearance. Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa, infecting about half of the world´s population. The pathological effects caused by infections with H. pylori greatly depend on an IV type secretion system encoded in the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI). In this review, we describe the composition of the cagPAI, the alterations of cellular signaling pathways mediated by cagPAI which regulate oncogenic cellular responses that may increase the risk of malignant transformation associated with the infection and the importance of polymorphisms in cagPAI genes as potential markers of progression to gastric cancer.
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