Fused silica hemispheres were used as the substrates for functionalization with ssDNA (ISP Optics). Prior to DNA functionalization, each hemisphere was cleaned in the following manner. First, the lens was treated with NoChromix (Godax Laboratories) for 1 hr. The hemispheres were then rinsed with Millipore water (18.2 M_), and
The lack of organs available for transplantation is a global problem. The high mortality rates on the waiting list and the high number of discarded livers are reasons to develop new tools in the preservation and transplantation process.New tools should also be available for low-income countries. This article reports the development of customized normothermic machine perfusion (NMP). An ex vivo dual perfusion machine was designed, composed of a common reservoir organ box (CRO), a centrifugal pump (portal system, low pressure), and a roller pump (arterial system, high pressure). Porcine livers (n = 5) were perfused with an oxygenated normothermic (37℃) strategy for 3 hours. Hemodynamic variables, metabolic parameters, and bile production during preservation were analyzed. Arterial and portal flow remain stable during perfusion. Total bilirubin production was 11.25 mL (4-14.5) at 180 minutes. The median pH value reached 7.32 (7.25-7.4) at 180 minutes. Lactate values decreased progressively to normalization at 120 minutes. This perfusion setup was stable and able to maintain the metabolic activity of a liver graft in a porcine animal model. Design and initial results from this customized NMP are promising for a future clinical application in low-income countries.
Damages caused on structures by seismic events could produce the lost of a great number of human lives. In some cases the building's contents can often be more expensive than the structure. It is desirable to maintain the structure in optimal conditions before, during and after a seismic event. This could be achieved if the structure's displacements are restricted. The controls algorithms have been greatly develop in the last years. Mainly they are classified in four forms of control: passive, active, semi active and hybrid. Most of the control forms have been applied on a centralized way; this means that all the information is sent to a central node where control algorithm is then calculated. The problem of this paradigm is the difficulty to scale its application. In this paper a completely decentralized control algorithm is analytically implemented. The algorithm considers that each one of the control systems take the best decision based solely in the information collected at its location. The semi active control is used because of following advantages over the active control: minimum consumption of energy, little or null possibility of destabilization, diminution of the possibility of data saturation, and reduces the response time in caparison to the centralized control.
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