A metal–organic framework [MIL-101(Cr)] was used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of benzoazoles (benzimidazole, benzothiazole, and benzoxazole), and quantitative conversion of products were obtained under optimized reaction conditions. The catalyst could be simply extracted from the reaction mixture, providing an efficient and clean synthetic methodology for the synthesis of benzoazoles. The MIL-101(Cr) catalyst could be reused without a remarkable decrease in its catalytic efficiency.

A novel Pd−NHC functionalized metal–organic framework (MOF) based on MIL‐101(Cr) was synthesized and used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the C‐C bond formation reactions. Using this heterogeneous Pd catalyst system, the Suzuki−Miyaura coupling reaction was accomplished well in water, and coupling products were obtained in good to excellent yields in short reaction time. The Pd−NHC−MIL‐101(Cr) was characterized using some different techniques, including Fourier transform‐infrared, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma and elemental analysis. The microscopic techniques showed the discrete octahedron structure of MIL‐101(Cr), which is also stable after chemical modification process to prepare the catalyst system. The TEM images of the catalyst showed the existence of palladium nanoparticles immobilized in the structure of the catalyst, while no reducing agent was used. It seems that the NHC groups and imidazolium moieties in the structure of the MOF can reduce Pd (II) to Pd (0) species. This modified MOF substrate can also prevent aggregation of Pd nanoparticles, resulting in high stability of them in organic transformation. The Pd−NHC−MIL‐101(Cr) catalyst system could be simply extracted from the reaction mixture, providing an efficient synthetic method for the synthesis of biaryls derivatives using the aforementioned coupling reaction. The Pd−NHC−MIL‐101(Cr) catalyst could be recycled in this organic reaction with almost consistent catalytic efficiency.

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An novel nano-magnetic solid acid catalyst was used for the efficient synthesis of new curcumin-based pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives via a multicomponent reaction under mild conditions.

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A new source of “CN” employing formamide and cyanuric chloride is introduced for the cyanation reactions. The treatment of formamide and 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine (TCT; cyanuric chloride) afforded an efficient cyanating agent which it can be used as a nontoxic, readily available, and non‐expensive reagent in the cyanation transformations. In this study, palladium‐catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides was successfully accomplished using this new “CN” source in high yields.

The Pd–NHC–MIL-101(Cr) catalyst was found to be an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of DSB and stilbene π-conjugated materials using Heck chemistry.