La intervención bajo rasante, la importancia de su conocimiento. La técnica de la inyección armada The intervention under soil level, the importance of its knowledge. The technique of the reinforced grouting
ABSTRACT:Underground surveying of cellars, caves, and architectural spaces, is quite different from surveying on the surface. Researchers must deal with various challenges derived of the lack of natural light, low temperature, and humidity, but also with inaccessibility. But the essential problem in underground surveying is that of orientating the underground surveys to the surface surveys. For this purpose our methodology integrates different geomatic techniques, as the use of a scanner laser in order to obtain a 3D model, as well as classic topography, and GPS to locate accurately the control points according to the official reference frame of the Spanish Geodetic Network. The developed methodology is described and applied to the case study of the cellars of the Gallery of Convalescents (Galería de Convalecientes) in the Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial. These cellars compose an outstanding series of interrelated singular complex spaces. Their study is particularly relevant because of the quality of the stonework, the geometry of the vaults and lunettes, and the stereotomy. The fact that these spaces were neither surveyed nor studied before, must be stressed. And our work will bring into light an important part of the 16th century Spanish architectural heritage. Finally, the INSPIRE Directive becomes an opportunity to integrate cultural heritage datasets into an interoperable framework, and to share and diffuse them as geographic information.
RESUMENLa normativa española actual para la eficiencia energética establece las zonas climáticas para el cumplimiento de la limitación de la demanda y consumo energéticos. Estas zonas establecidas no tienen la función de ser base para el diseño de edificios con estrategias bioclimáticas.Se propone una metodología para elaborar una cartografía basada en las estrategias de diseño de Givoni, estableciendo una zonificación general entre áreas geográficas de comportamiento similar. La cartografía así obtenida aporta al diseñador información sobre las estrategias que puede utilizar para alcanzar el confort, sin tener que realizar búsquedas de información complejas. Se valida el funcionamiento de la metodología utilizada en su aplicación a la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia (España).Dentro del proceso se establece complementariamente una comparativa entre ambas cartografías de modo que se pueden comprobar las similitudes y divergencias entre las mismas, concluyendo las aplicaciones concretas y diferenciales para cada una de ellas.Palabras clave: cartografía; estrategias en la investigación; bioclimatología; eficiencia energética.
ABSTRACT The current Spanish legislation for energy efficiency establishes the climatic zones for compliance with the limitation of energy demand and consumption. These established zones do not have the function of being the basis for the design of buildings with bioclimatic strategies.
We propose a methodology to develop a cartography based on Givoni's design strategies, establishing a general zoning between geographic areas of similar behaviour. The cartography thus obtained provides the designer with information on the strategies that can be used to achieve comfort, without having to perform complex information searches. It validates the operation of the methodology used in its application to the Autonomous Community of Galicia (Spain).Within the process, a comparison is established between the two cartographies so that the similarities and divergences can be verified between them, concluding the concrete and differential applications for each of them.
ABSTRACT:In order to make the last important restoration of the University of Alcala's facade, an important documentation work and 3D recreation has been done, under three premises: historical documental study, study of the materials and, finally, 3D recreation of the facade. Part of these competences have been assumed by our research group under the safety net of the project that we come to tell in this communication.
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