Given the results of the present study, we speculate that RF-EMR does not promote CNS impairment, but suggest that it may lead to stressful behavioral patterns.

The satellite cells are long regarded as heterogeneous cell population, which is intimately linked to the processes of muscular recovery. The heterogeneous cell population may be classified by specific markers. In spite of the significant amount of variation amongst the satellite cell populations, it seems that their activity is tightly bound to the paired box 7 transcription factor expression, which is, therefore, used as a canonical marker for these cells. Muscular dystrophic diseases, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, elicit severe tissue injuries leading those patients to display a very specific pattern of muscular recovery abnormalities. There have been works on the application of precursors cells as a therapeutic alternative for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and initial attempts have proven the cells inefficient; however later endeavours have proposed solutions for the experiments improving significantly the results. The presence of a range of satellite cells populations indicates the existence of specific cells with enhanced capability of muscular recovery in afflicted muscles.

Both treatments induced obesity but only Ob-MSG showed altered behavioral parameters, which is related to increased concentration of corticosterone and hypothalamic ERK1 and 2 activation.

No abstract

Over the last few years, the mobile communication system has increased significantly. Some researches about the radiation emitted by mobile phones have been trying to verify possible modifications on gland functions. ERK1, ERK2 and PKCα enzymes have pivotal role on controlling synthesis and secretion of pituitary and hypothalamic hormones. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the radiation emitted by mobile phones into the expression and activity of ERK1 and ERK2 and expression of PKCα in Wistar rats pituitary cells. Wistar male rats, 60 days old, were exposed to the radiation emitted by mobile phone (1800 MHz) during 1 or 3 hours uninterrupted. The pituitary gland of the animals was removed in order to analyze the expression of those enzymes and activity of ERK1 and ERK2, by Western Blot. After 1 hour of exposure, it was not observed any significant modification in the expression of ERK1, ERK2 and PKCα. The activity of ERK1 and ERK2 was shown to be reduced in the exposed animals. After 3 hours of exposure, the expression of ERK1 and ERK2 was not altered, although the activity of these enzymes and expression of PKCα was reduced in the exposed animals. According to these data, the exposure to this kind of radiation may alter the signaling pathways in which ERK's and PKCα are involved, and, consequently, the normal physiology of pituitary cells.Financial Support: CNPq, Capes, Fapemig and UFJF.