This paper attempts to discuss the reciprocal connection between culture and architecture as a social product. In doing so, the paper intends to critically engage with the theme of ‘culture’, its impact on residential developments, and its character in the process of recuperation of post-war society in Sarajevo. The development of residential architecture is followed through the four historical periods that had the greatest impact on its formation. Setting the scene to better understand the current built design challenges, post-war, post-socialist culture and architecture are analysed through the lens of T.S. Elliot's (1948) theory on culture. Specifically, the paper refers to the criteria Elliot defined as essential for a culture to survive; Organic Structure, Regional Context and Balance & Unity in Religion. Finally, the paper identifies the main obstacles in the process of cultural transformation of Sarajevo, indicating an urgent need for addressing the issues of cultural and architectural vitality.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test an architectural studio pedagogy that originates from an experiment of a Summer School collaborative design studio, with participation of students, academicians and practicing architects, from seven Universities and five European countries.Design/methodology/approachThis pedagogical method follows recommended education for sustainable development (ESD) model, by linking formal and informal learning, and targeting development of the key competences needed for promoting sustainable progress: participation and collaboration, along with inter- and trans-disciplinarity. Combining active participant observation method with descriptive survey research, the paper evaluates the perspective of a small sample size of 27 participating students, who worked with 15 professors alternately, during a two-week design studio course.FindingsThe results indicate that such a form of non-formal education has positive impact on acquisition of targeted competences, confirming the strategic role that non-formal education has in reaching quality education learning outcomes, and advocating for the adjustments of existing curricula towards a more collaborative educational approach in architectural design.Research limitations/implicationsThe modest sample size presents a limitation in reference to generalization of results, neverthless its data are valuable, particularly within the context of maximizing the development of sustainable development goals (SDGs).Originality/valueThis endeavour was a part of an on-going Erasmus + CBHE (Capacity Building in Higher Education) project entitled transforming architectural and civil engineering education towards a sustainable model (TACEESM). Organized non-formal educational model is seen as a testing laboratory that blends a conventional methodology of a design studio with a highly collaborative, international and multi-disciplinary approach.
This article discusses aesthetic singularity in present-day Sarajevo and shows how time generates a social response to the visual quality of space. Acknowledging the metamorphosis of the cityscape with regard to the identity reformulation of postwar Sarajevo, it examines the sensory engagement of people with the urban environment in relationship to the traumatic events and shifting realities imposed by globalisation. The hypothesis is that the environmental aesthetics of postwar cities are defined by the traumatic memory of physical and social destruction. This article offers insight within a broad range of theoretical discussions on the changes in the visual language and aesthetic quality of urban spaces in postwar Sarajevo. In particular, it presents the notion of urban memory and its role in shaping the aesthetic experience in postwar cities. Finally, the findings show that architectural remnants, or ruins in the urban fabric, instead of being unstable entities, have the potential to become drivers of a continuum. Ultimately, this article accepts the values of incompleteness and opens new perspectives towards playful experimentation, which potentially relieves the aesthetic experience of a rigid and monotonous urban image.
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