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Much of the confusion between the use of the concepts EBD and RID arises out of differing perspectives between the way practitioners and academics understand the underlying terms. The authors hope this article serves to generate thoughtful dialogue, which is essential to the development of a discipline, and look forward to the contribution of the readership.

Clinician teamwork is effective at improving many health care outcomes, and the physical environment is an important part of a system that facilitates teamwork. This review critically evaluates and synthesizes the empirical evidence on the impacts of the physical environment and surrounding ecosystem on clinician teamwork in health care facilities using a systems-based lens. The systematic search yielded 2,323 titles and abstracts between 2007 and 2017, which were reviewed and resulted in 34 articles examining physical environment’s impact on clinician teamwork. The Systems Engineering for Patient Safety (SEIPS) framework is utilized to thematically structure findings to examine the interdependent nature of built and nonbuilt factors that have a documented impact on clinician teamwork. This study found consistent evidence of the interdependence of these systems factors in facilitating or hampering teamwork, as defined by Salas and colleagues’ “Big Five.” The review identifies current gaps in the literature and suggests where future research is needed.

Findings from structured focus groups with mixed methods lead to implementable design solutions for construction documentation. The expeditious qualities and objectivity of the format are value-adds to the design decision-making process. Future research should use various techniques such as virtual technologies and building information modeling.

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