Introduction Patient engagement in youth mental health research has the potential to inform research on the interventions, services and policies that will benefit youth. At present, there is little evidence to guide mental health researchers on youth engagement. This systematic review aims to describe the impacts of youth engagement on mental health research and to summarize youth engagement in mental health research. Methods We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO, using a combination of subject headings, keywords and synonyms for the concepts ‘patient engagement’, ‘youth’ and ‘mental health’. Articles that described engaging youth in mental health research were included. Two reviewers performed the study selection. Study characteristics, research activities performed by youth, impacts of youth engagement, challenges, and facilitators to engagement and recommendations for youth engagement described by authors were extracted. Quality appraisal involved determining the level of engagement of youth and the stage(s) of research where youth were involved. Results The database search returned 2836 citations, 151 full‐text articles were screened and 16 articles, representing 14 studies, were selected for inclusion. Youth were involved at nearly all stages of the research cycle, in either advisory or co‐production roles. Youth engagement impacts included enhancing relevant research findings, data collection and analysis and dissemination to academic and stakeholder audiences. Both youth and academic researchers reported personal development across many domains. One negative impact reported was the increase in funding and resources needed for engagement. We produced a list of 35 recommendations under the headings of training, youth researcher composition, strategy, expectations, relationships, meeting approaches and engagement conditions. Conclusions This study provides an understanding of the impacts and recommendations of youth engagement in mental health research. The findings from this study may encourage researchers to engage youth in their mental health research and support youth engagement in funding applications. Patient and Public Contribution We consulted three youths with experience being engaged in mental health research about the review findings and the discussion. One youth designed a visual representation of the results and provided feedback on the manuscript. All youth's input informed the way the findings were presented and the focus of the discussion.

Background The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) in pediatric clinical practice can enhance clinical care and bring children and families’ perspectives into evaluations of healthcare services. Implementing these measures is complex and requires a thorough assessment of the context of implementation The purpose of this study is to describe the barriers and facilitators to PROMs and PREMs implementation and to recommend strategies for implementing these measures in a pediatric health system. Methods We used a qualitative descriptive approach to analyse data from interviews to understand the experiences of PROMs and PREMs users across different pediatric settings in a single Canadian healthcare system. Results There were 23 participants representing a variety of roles within the healthcare system and pediatric populations. We found five main factors that affected implementation of PROMs and PREMs in pediatric settings: 1) Characteristics of PROMs and PREMs; 2) Individual’s beliefs; 3) Administering PROMs and PREMs; 4) Designing clinical workflows; and 5) Incentives for using PROMs and PREMs. Thirteen recommendations for integrating PROMs and PREMs in pediatric health settings are provided. Conclusions Implementing and sustaining the use of PROMs and PREMs in pediatric health settings presents several challenges. The information presented will be useful for individuals who are planning or evaluating the implementation of PROMs and PREMs in pediatric settings.

Introduction Several bleeding disorders are characterized by haemorrhage into joints and muscles. These conditions are best managed by interdisciplinary teams that include physiotherapists. In 1997, physiotherapists from haemophilia treatment centres in Canada formed the Canadian Physiotherapists in Hemophilia Care (CPHC). The guiding principles of the CPHC reflect a commitment to evidence‐based practice, education and collaboration. Aim To describe the process used by CPHC to develop evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines to inform best practice, guide decision‐making and help educate physiotherapists, students, and other team members about the physiotherapy management of people with bleeding disorders. Methods We followed the procedures outlined in the American Physical Therapy Association's Clinical Practice Guideline Process Manual (2018). Namely, we selected a working group, determined the scope of the guidelines, performed a literature search, selected and appraised the evidence, drafted the guidelines as practice statements, assigned a strength of recommendation to each practice statement and disseminated the guidelines. Results Thirty‐nine practice statements were developed in nine practice areas. Strength of evidence was strong for two statements, moderate for one and weak for three. The remainder were graded as theoretical or best practice. Conclusion To our knowledge, these are the first evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines that cover all aspects of physiotherapy management of people with bleeding disorders. Some areas, such as exercise and manual therapy, have been well investigated. However, the overall low levels of evidence and low strengths of recommendations highlight the need for more rigorous research with this population.

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Purpose: To describe the development of a new measure of therapeutic relationship for use in physiotherapythe Physiotherapy Therapeutic RElationship Measure (P-TREM). Methods: We adopted the methodology of Devellis in Scale Development: Theory and Applications for constructing the P-TREM. We developed a measurement framework based on Miciak's Physiotherapy Therapeutic Relationship Conceptual Framework. We generated a pool of items by extracting items from existing measures and writing new items. These were reviewed by a panel of experts and then formatted into a draft measurement instrument. The draft instrument was tested for relevancy and comprehensibility in potential respondents from our target populations using cognitive interview techniques. Finally, we pilot tested the full administration of the P-TREM. Results and conclusions: We systematically constructed the P-TREM with 49 items in 3 subscales. Our rigorous instrument development approach ensures its content validity, which was also demonstrated in the cognitive interviews and pilot testing. The quality of the items and construct validity will be assessed in a subsequent validation study.