Some map users still experience difficulties when attempting to route plan, navigate and/or wayfind. This paper provides information on the outcomes of a research project that aims to identify the nature of the difficulties/challenges these users experience. The paper draws on findings from studies of strategies used by novice and experienced map users, and users with poor spatial abilities, to identify the skills that those with poor spatial abilities or with little map reading experience lack. Data were collected using Tobii Pro Glasses 2 hardware and associated software. Fourteen participants walked between two predetermined locations while wearing eye-tracking glasses and speaking their thoughts aloud. The data collected in this study were analysed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Analysis of the results shows three key findings for this particular group: looking at the map incessantly led to missed environmental cues; street names were not labelled at decisionmaking points on the map; and some individuals having poor spatial abilities prefer small-scale landmarks, for example, buildings with numbers to locate themselves, as opposed to using road names or larger landmarks. We argue that by considering these findings, map designs could be adjusted to meet the needs of map users with poor spatial abilities. RÉSUMÉCertains utilisateurs de cartes rencontrent encore des difficultés lorsqu'ils essayent de planifier un chemin, naviguer ou trouver leur chemin. Ce papier présente des résultats d'un projet de recherche qui vise à identifier la nature des difficultés et des défis que les utilisateurs rencontrent. Les données ont été collectées avec le logiciel et matériel Tobii Pro Glasses 2. Quatorze personnes devaient se déplacer entre deux points tout en portant des lunettes de suivi de mouvements oculaires et en décrivant à haut voix leurs pensées. Les données recueillies dans cette étude ont été analysées en utilisant des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives. L'analyse des résultats montre trois résultats clés pour ce groupe de personnes : regarder de façon incessante la carte conduit à manquer des indices donnés par l'environnement ; les noms des rues n'étaient pas cartographiés à des endroits
Chapter 3 -Methods for Studying the Wayfinding Behaviours of Map-(Il)literate Users ...
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