Research supports the construct validity of the Relationship Profile Test (RPT; Bornstein & Languirand, 2003), a 30-item, self-report measure of destructive overdependence (DO), dysfunctional detachment (DD), and healthy dependency. In this investigation, we assessed the relationships of gender, gender role, and gender role stereotype ratings to RPT subscale scores. In Study 1, we replicated earlier patterns of gender differences in RPT scores, assessed cross-sample consistency in gender difference effect sizes, and provided preliminary nonclinical norms for the RPT subscales. Study 2 showed that--as expected--DO items are perceived as stereotypically feminine, whereas DD items are perceived as stereotypically masculine. In Study 3, we examined the relationships of RPT subscale scores to masculinity, femininity, and androgyny scores. We discuss the theoretical, empirical, and clinical implications of these findings.
Adults who meet criteria for a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis have poorer health on average, and their health problems occur earlier in life, compared with adults in the general population (Beckham et al, 1998;Butterfield, Fomeris, Feldman, & Beckham, 2000; Schnurr & Janikowski, 1999). Furthermore, one study showed that the relationship of PTSD to physical health was independent of age, depression, or other comorbid anxiety disorders (Zayfert, Dums, Ferguson, & Hegel, 2002). For some individuals, the health consequences of trauma may begin with traumatic childhood experiences. Two separate large-scale epidemiological studies in the United States and United Kingdom demonstrated linear relationships between the number of adverse childhood experiences (e.g, abuse, other potentially traumatic event) and cardiovascular risk factors evidenced as adults (Felitti et al, 1998; Surtees et al, 2003). Data from the U.S. National Comorbidity Study indicated childhood sexual abuse was associated 133
Studies have shown that increased computer use among adults in occupational settings is associated with the development of cumulative trauma disorders; however, the need to address how adult-sized mice and keyboards are affecting children is becoming increasingly important as both access to and use of computers is increasing among today's youth. To address the potential mismatch that exists between child stature and computer input device size and activation force, we have applied existing, age-specific, anthropometric data to elements of device design, including mouse size (length, width, height, switch location), and mouse-button activation forces. Trends supported the development of smaller computer input devices with lower activation forces for smaller statured individuals including children. Distinct and consistent trends in size delineations were seen across gender and age groups-trends that correlate well with grades and schooling in the United States education system . Three to four mouse sizes would be recommended: a mouse sized for adult and high school males; one for adult and high school females and junior high males; one for elementary school children, aged 6 to 10 years; and possibly a mouse for the smallest users who are less than six years old.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.