The pooled proportion of SN metastases in thin melanoma is 4.5 %. Thickness ≥0.75 mm, Clark level IV/V, mitoses, and microsatellites significantly increased the odds of SN positivity and should prompt strong consideration of SN biopsy.

Lymphocytes in inflamed tissues express numerous chemokine receptors. The relative importance of these receptors for migration in inflammation is unclear. The role of CXCR3 in T cell subset migration was examined using monoclonal antibodies developed to rat CXCR3. CXCR3 was expressed on sixfold more CD8 + (*30%) than CD4 + (*5%) T cells in spleen, lymph nodes and blood, and on *10% of CD4 + CD45RC -(memory) and *50% of CD8 + CD45RC + spleen T cells. After immunization, CXCR3 increased tenfold on CD4 + lymph node lymphoblasts (*55%), and >90% of inflammatory exudate T cells were CXCR3 + . CXCR3 + T cells migrated significantly better than CXCR3 -T cells to all dermal inflammatory stimuli tested in vivo, even though these T cells are a minority of the memory T cells. Blocking CXCR3 inhibited recruitment of 60-85% of unstimulated T cells and up to 90% of CD8 + CD45RC + effector T cells, but caused <50% inhibition of CD4 + and CD8 + memory (CD45RC -) T cells. About 90% of T lymphoblast migration to IFN-c, IFN-c plus TNF-a, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid, lipopolysaccharide, and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)-induced inflammation was inhibited. Blockade also reduced DTH-induced induration. Thus, CXCR3 has a nonredundant role in T cell migration to dermal inflammation and is critical for activated T lymphoblast recruitment, but memory T cells are less dependent on CXCR3 for their infiltration.

This is the largest study examining the safety of SDS for breast cancer. Complication rates were significantly higher for patients admitted to hospital postoperatively, even after controlling for baseline differences. These data suggest that, with appropriate selection, it is safe to perform major breast cancer surgery on a same-day basis.

In this study, RSL had lower costs than WGL, allowed for more efficient use of radiology scheduling and resources, and had shorter wait times for patients on their day of surgery. In addition, RSL led to fewer vasovagal reactions at insertion. Therefore, RSL should be used instead of WGL given the reduced cost, decreased need of human resources, improved efficiency, and potential benefits to the patient experience.

No abstract

Although blood-based tests seem to predict colonic CMV reactivation, they are insensitive tests. Similarly, histopathology has poor sensitivity for detecting colonic CMV. In agreement with current guidelines, these tests should not replace IHC or tissue PCR for detecting CMV reactivation in inflammatory bowel disease.

These data confirm that the use of OBS with soft tissue transfer for breast cancer treatment does not confer an increased risk of surgical complications, despite the longer operative time. This is important given the increasing use of oncoplastic surgery techniques within North America.

This study defined a novel patient-centered measure of surgical wait time that more fully embraces the wait experienced by the patient. Many common preoperative interventions had a significant impact on overall wait time experienced by the patient. Evidence-based quality initiatives to coordinate appropriate investigations are needed to reduce wait times.