Nonnative Miscanthus sinensis Anderss 'Adagio' and native Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. were evaluated for drought tolerance in a rain-excluded landscape setting in sandy soil in response to irrigation application volumes of 0 L, 0.25 L, 0.5 L, or 0.75 L. As irrigation rates increased, plant mass, canopy size, and shoot-to-root ratios increased for both species, being greatest at the 0.75-L rate. Shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total biomass, and shoot-to-root ratios were greater for E. spectabilis than M. sinensis. Cumulative water stress integral was also greater for E. spectabilis. Greater growth in conjunction with higher cumulative water stress indicates the native E. spectabilis is anisohydric and more drought-tolerant than the isohydric nonnative M. sinensis.
One of the four native American commercial crops of global importance, sunflowers are grown for oil seed, snack seed, birdseed, and garden flowers. In addition, they are now widely grown for cut flower production as a specialty cut flower. Sunflowers are drought tolerant, grow in full sun, and grow in a wide range of soil conditions as annuals and perennials. They are used in the landscape for borders, screening, or in containers. Many cultivars are available in colors that range from yellow to bronze, red, or cream. New cultivars have been introduced especially for bedding and cut flower use, as the familiar old cultivars and agronomic oil seed typesare not well suited for these purposes. With proper cultivar selection, the flowering season in Florida is long and limited only by freezing temperatures. This document is ENH885, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date February 23, 2003.
ENH1172, an 8-page illustrated fact sheet by Gail Hansen and Erin Alvarez, discusses form, texture, size, and color of landscape plants and how to choose plant combinations based on these qualities to create a composition of plant material. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, September 2010. ENH1172/EP433: Landscape Design: Aesthetic Characteristics of Plants (ufl.edu)
Zinnia elegans is a composite flower ranging in size from 2 to 6 inches wide on a long stem with opposite lanceolate leaves. With an upright, bushy habit, its size averages 30 inches tall. Dwarf cultivars that grow to 6 inches tall for bedding use are available, and cut flower cultivars up to 3 feet tall are common. Flower types include single, semi-double, double, (dahlia flowered) and cactus (ruffled) flowered. Zinnia is a drought-tolerant, warm-weather annual that does not tolerate frost. This flower is available in a wide variety of colors, and color availability is often seasonally dependent for cut flower sales. Shorter cultivars are also used in annual beds, borders, and containers. This document is ENH 953, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date January 2004. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep162
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