base (ACSD) to examine risk factors for outcomes after surgical repair of post-MI VSD. 9 In Japan, the Japan Adult Cardiovascular Surgery Database (JCVSD) was established in 2000. 10 Thus, in the present study, we report a Japanese multicenter experience of surgical repair of post-MI VSD using the JCVSD. Methods Data Collection The JCVSD includes 255 variables that are nearly identical to those in the database of the STS. Informed consent to register clinical data in the JCVSD was obtained from each patient. The JCVSD Organization Review Board approved the present study. From the JCVSD, we identified adults (age ≥18 years) undergoing surgical repair of a post-MI VSD from January 2008 to December 2014. Eligible patients were identified by an affirmative response in the JCVSD data field for MI. Patients who underwent concomitant procedures such as coronary revascularization or valvular surgeries were V entricular septal defect (VSD) is a rare but lethal complication of acute myocardial infarction (MI). 1 For patients treated medically, the mortality of post-MI VSD exceeds 90%. 2 With the development of acute reperfusion strategies for MI, the incidence of post-MI VSD occurs in less than 1% of patients sustaining MI. 1,2 Despite significant improvements over the past 2 decades in overall mortality for patients with acute MI, the outcome of patients who develop post-MI VSD remains poor. Even for patients who are treated surgically, mortality has been high, ranging between 19% and 60% in patients. 1-7 However, most of these reports involved single-center experience with small sample sizes. To improve the outcomes, further study from a larger multicenter experience may be necessary. Recently, several studies with large sample sizes from national databases have been reported from Europe and the USA. A single national registry report from Sweden reported 189 patients treated during a 7-year span. 8 National registry data have been provided by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Adult Cardiac Surgery Data

OBJECTIVESUsing data obtained from a Japanese nationwide annual database with web-based data entry, we developed a risk model of mortality and morbidity after lung cancer surgery.METHODSThe characteristics and operative and postoperative data from 80 095 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery were entered into the annual National Clinical Database of Japan data sets for 2014 and 2015. After excluding 1501 patients, the development data set for risk models included 38 277 patients entering in 2014 and the validation data set included 40 317 patients entering in 2015. Receiver–operating characteristic curves were generated for the outcomes of mortality and composite mortality/major morbidity. The concordance index was used to assess the discriminatory ability and validity of the model.RESULTSThe 30-day mortality and overall mortality rates, including in-hospital deaths, were 0.4% and 0.8%, respectively, in 2014, and 0.4% and 0.8%, respectively, in 2015. The rate of major morbidity was 5.6% in 2014 and 5.6% in 2015. Several risk factors were significantly associated with mortality, namely, male sex, performance status, comorbidities of interstitial pneumonia and liver cirrhosis, haemodialysis and the surgical procedure pneumonectomy. The concordance index for mortality and composite mortality/major morbidity was 0.854 (P < 0.001) and 0.718 (P < 0.001), respectively, for the development data set and 0.849 (P < 0.001) and 0.723 (P < 0.001), respectively, for the validation data set.CONCLUSIONSThis model was satisfactory for predicting surgical outcomes after pulmonary resection for lung cancer in Japan and will aid preoperative assessment and improve clinical outcomes for lung cancer surgery.

Background Broncho-pleural fistula (BPF) and respiratory failure (RF) are life-threatening complications after lung cancer surgery and can result in long-term hospitalization and decreased quality of life. Risk assessments for BPF and RF in addition to mortality and major morbidities are indispensable in surgical decision-making and perioperative care. Methods The characteristics and operative data of 80,095 patients who had undergone lung cancer surgery were derived from the 2014 and 2015 National Clinical Database (NCD) of Japan datasets. After excluding 1501 patients, risk models were developed from these data and validated by another dataset for 42,352 patients derived from the 2016 NCD dataset. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for postoperative BPF and RF development. The concordance-index was used to assess the discriminatory ability and validity of the model. Results BPF and RF occurred in 259 (0.3%) and 420 patients (0.5%), respectively, in the model development dataset and in 129 (0.3%) and 198 patients (0.5%), respectively, in the model validation dataset. Characteristic variables including types of surgery and comorbidities were identified as risk factors for BPF and RF, respectively. The concordance indexes of assessments for BPF and RF were 0.847 (p < 0.001) and 0.848 (p < 0.001), respectively, for the development dataset and 0.850 (p < 0.001) and 0.844 (p < 0.001), respectively, for the validation dataset. Conclusions These models are satisfactory for predicting BPF and RF after lung cancer surgery in Japan and could guide preoperative assessment and optimal measures for preventing BPF and RF.

Purpose As the number of cases of early lung cancer in Japan grows, an analysis of the present status of surgical treatments for clinical stage IA lung cancer using a nationwide database with web-based data entry is warranted. Methods The operative and perioperative data from 47,921 patients who underwent surgery for clinical stage IA lung cancer in 2014 and 2015 were obtained from the National Clinical Database (NCD) of Japan. Clinicopathological characteristics, surgical procedure, mortality, and morbidity were analyzed, and thoracotomy and video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) were compared. Results The patients comprised 27,208 men (56.8%) and 20,713 women (43.2%); mean age, 69.3 years. Lobectomy was performed in 64.8%, segmentectomy in 15.2%, and wedge resection in 19.8%. The surgical procedures were thoracotomy in 12,194 patients (25.4%) and a minimally invasive approach (MIA) in 35,727 patients (74.6%). MIA was divided into VATS + mini-thoracotomy (n = 13,422, 28.0%) and complete VATS (n = 22,305, 46.5%). The overall postoperative mortality rate was 0.4%, being significantly lower in the MIA group than in the thoracotomy group (0.3% vs 0.8%, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our analysis of data from the NCD indicates that MIA has become the new standard treatment for clinical stage IA lung cancer.

Validation of JCCVSD database showed high registration completeness and high accuracy especially in the categorical data components. Adjudicated mortality was 100% accurate. While limited in numbers, the recorded cases of postoperative complications all had high specificities but had lower sensitivity (0.67-1.00). Continued activities for data quality improvement and assessment are necessary for optimizing the utility of these registries.