Covid-19 pandemic provided many negative effects on world economies and people around the world. The covid-19 creates many threats to sustainability of agriculture sector which is very sensitive because of food supply security needs. First of all, it is necessary to analyse and comprehend the immediate consequences of current pandemic on agricultural and food systems in order to develop necessary actions. The risks, vulnerability, resilience and systemic shifts of agricultural systems need to be better understood in order to adapt to covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this paper is to analyse the negative impacts of covid-19 on agriculture and food systems by applying vulnerability and resilience approach by treating covid-19 like global disaster. The concepts of 'vulnerability', and 'resilience' which dominates disaster studies historically initiated after the World War II were applied to systematise literature review. The main input of this paper is systematization and grouping of the main measures to enhance resilience of agriculture systems in the face of covid-19 pandemic based on recent scientific studies published in 2020. The future research guidelines are also provided based on conducted systematic literature review.

This study presents an innovative approach to measuring economic resilience at a sectoral level. The notion of economic resilience is explored through the lens of levels of resilience of the main functions of a researched economic sector. The overall level of sectoral economic resilience is seen as a weighted sum of resilience indexes related to its main economic functions. Such a comprehensive approach is universal, as it allows to measure economic resilience of various economic sectors. For the empirical application, the agricultural sector of Lithuania was selected for analysis of resilience. The results revealed that the overall level of resilience declined in Lithuanian agricultural sector during 2012–2019. Such a persistent trend may pose an increasing risk for food security in Lithuania in the future. The most evident negative changes in the economic resilience levels are observed in terms of economic viability of farms. The most robust levels of economic resilience are indicated in the sense of ability to provide local food at affordable prices.

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Creation of a sustainable agricultural sector involves boosting the cooperation activities as these contribute to the societal and economic development of the farms, farmers and rural societies. This paper contributes to the literature on the analysis of the drivers and obstacles of cooperation development in agriculture. The case of Lithuania is considered as the cooperation activities are lagging behind the European Union (EU) practice here. Specifically, analysis of the public support measures and the expert survey are carried out to analyse the effectiveness of the public policy measures as represented in the relevant legal acts. The experts involve policy makers, farmers’ organisations and academia, which are the major stakeholder groups in Lithuania. The results indicate the effectiveness of the measures linked to capacity building (in the sense of human capital) requires improvement, whereas those related to financial support and promotion of the farmers’ organisations are much better perceived. Thus, public support measures are available to promote cooperation in agriculture, yet the legal system of Lithuania still requires improvement in accommodating effective agricultural cooperatives.

Highlights Gender-wise differences in the perceptions of young farmers. The measures of the Common Agricultural Policy. Development of farms and the use of advisory services. The results show gender equality in Lithuanian agriculture.

This paper proposes an integrated approach towards rapid decision-making in the agricultural sector aimed at improvement of its resilience. Methodologically, we seek to devise a framework that is able to take the uncertainty regarding policy preferences into account. Empirically, we focus on the effects of COVID-19 on agriculture. First, we propose a multi-criteria decision-making framework following the Pugh matrix approach for group decision-making. The Monte Carlo simulation is used to check the effects of the perturbations in the criteria weights. Then, we identify the factors behind agricultural resilience and organize them into the three groups (food security, agricultural viability, decent jobs). The expert survey is carried out to elicit the ratings in regard to the expected effects of the policy measures with respect to dimensions of agricultural resilience. The case of Lithuania is considered in the empirical analysis. The existing and newly proposed agricultural policy measures are taken into account. The measures related to alleviation of the financial burden (e.g., credit payment deferral) appear to be the most effective in accordance with the expert ratings.

Research on economic resilience in agriculture is quite complicated due to the interdisciplinary nature of the notion. In agricultural, climate change, sustainability and food security research it appears as an endogenous phenomenon rather as the main one. This study aims to contribute to conceptualization of economic resilience in agriculture, revealing current and identifying future research directions. Bibliometric analysis supplemented with a literature overview serve this purpose. Results confirm the ambiguity and immaturity of economic resilience concept and its secondary position within overall agricultural resilience research framework.

The agriculture could be characterized as the economic activity which production and economic results are unpredictable and unstable because of climate change, market volatility. Vast and growing risk of farming induces to look after the ways to manage it. European Union, aiming to reduce risks in agricultural activities, proposes to create mutual funds as new measures for farmers not only to protect the production, but the income losses too. Lithuania intends to implement these measures, therefore it is very important not only to analyse the experience of other countries but also to know the opinion of Lithuanian farmers' community. The aim of the research is to examine the attitudes of Lithuanian farmers due to participation in creation of mutual funds. Using the method of force field the semi structured questionnaire was developed, it was sent to 46 leaders of farmer's organizations affiliated to The Chamber of Agriculture of the Republic of Lithuania, 22 replies were received. The research results confirmed farmers' attitudes, that the risk management tools, associated with creation of mutual funds are necessary and relevant in Lithuanian case, but their current level of awareness impels uncertainty and unpreparedness.