Timeline for public-key cryptography and quantum computers 1976 -Diffie-Hellman key exchange 1977 -RSA cryptosystem 1978 -Code-based cryptography 1979 -Hash-based cryptography 1980 -Realization that a quantum computer can simulate things a classical computer cannot 1984 -Quantum key distribution 1985 -Elliptic curve cryptography 1986 -Grover's quantum algorithm inverts any function using only √N evaluations of the function 1994 -Shor's quantum algorithm introduces integer factorization in polynomial time instead of sub-exponential 1996 -Multivariate-quadratic-equations cryptography 1998 -Lattice-based cryptography 1998 -Quantum computer with two physical qubits 2001 -First quantum key distribution network 2011 -Supersingular elliptic curve isogeny cryptography 2015 -US government (NSA) announces it is planning to transition "in the not too distant future" from Suite B/CNSA to a new suite that is resistant to quantum attacks 2017 -The NIST announces the PQC standardization program 2018 -Standardization of stateful hash-based signatures (XMSS and LMS) by the IRTF Crypto Forum Research Group and the NIST 2019 -Quantum computer with 53 physical qubits 2022 -Target date for NIST to announce the first set of PQC algorithms for standardization and for the NSA to update the CNSA suite with PQC 2022-23 -Target date for draft NIST PQC standards
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