Phalaenopsis amabilis, commonly known in Indonesia as 'Anggrek Bulan' is one of the Orchidaceae species typically having large (7-12 cm), pure white flowers with yellow coloration and some red stripes on its labellum (Handoyo, 2010). Based on their perianth morphology, there are six types of Phal. amabilis, such as Taiwan, Sumatera, Irian Jaya, Java, Borneo, and Grandiflora types. The Phal. amabilis from Sumatera has smaller perianth than those from Java and Borneo while Phal. grandiflora from Borneo is characterized as having the largest flower and more than 5 cm petals (Ikedo, n.d.). As in many orchid species, illegal harvest, forest destruction, and climatic changes may contribute to the decline of their natural populations (Crain & Tremblay, 2014; Crain & Tremblay, 2017; Fay, 2018). Therefore, it is necessary to develop concerted efforts for ex situ conservation of endangered orchid species before it becomes extinct. The development of ex-situ conservation requires the use of tissue culture as the alternative technology for clonal propagation (Merritt, Hay, Swarts, Sommerville, & Dixon, 2014). Various tissues and organs have been used as explants to initiate propagation of Phalaenopsis, such as leaf (Balilashaki, Naderi, Kalantari,
<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Phalaenopsis amabilis orchid is one of the most popular species of orchids and was inaugurated as one of the national flower ' Puspa Pesona'. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of various tissue culture media composition on Protocorm Like Bodies (PLBs) multiplication, growth of plantlets, and acclimatization of Phalaenopsis amabilis. Basic medium used was a half strengh of Murashige and Skoog (1/2MS) and Hyponex with additional coconut water, benzyladeninepurine, and chitosan. In PLBs multiplication experiments , ½ MS + 15% coconut water medium produces the highest percentage of survival rate. ½ MS + 15% coconut water medium and Hyponex 2 g L-1+ 15% coconut water + 2.5 ppm chitosan medium gave the best effect on the fresh weight of plantlets. The composition of the culture medium significantly affect the fresh weight and length of root on 8 WAP (week after planting) in the acclimatization stage.</p><p>Key words: benzyladeninepurine, chitosan, coconut water, Hyponex, tissue culture</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Phalaenopsis amabilis yang dikenal dengan nama anggrek bulan merupakan salah satu jenisanggrek yang paling populer dan dinobatkan sebagai salah satu bunga nasional dengan sebutan ‘Puspa Pesona’. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai komposisi media kultur jaringan dalam perbanyakan Protocorm Like Bodies (PLBs), pertumbuhan planlet, dan aklimatisasi Phalaenopsis amabilis. Media dasar yang digunakan adalah setengah konsentrasi media Murashige dan Skoog (1/2MS) dan Hyponex dengan tambahan air kelapa, benziladeninpurin (BAP), dan kitosan. Pada percobaan perbanyakan PLBs, media ½ MS + 15% air kelapa menghasilkan persentase hidup tertinggi. Media ½ MS + 15% air kelapa dan Hyponex 2 g L-1+ 15% AK + 2.5 ppm kitosanmemberikan respon terbaik terhadap bobot planlet. Komposisi media kultur berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot segar dan panjang akar pada 8-MST (minggu setelah tanam) dalam tahap aklimatisasi.</p><p>Kata kunci: benzylaminopurin, kitosan, air kelapa, Hyponex, kultur jaringan</p>
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