ResumenEl presente trabajo estudia la eficiencia técnica en la agricultura familiar, tomando como caso de estudio las explotaciones que producen leche de cabra en la cuenca lechera caprina de Santiago del Estero, y utilizando el Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA) y la Aproximación de Fronteras Estocásticas (SFA). En relación a la eficiencia de los productores estudiados, se observa que la cuenca lechera caprina de Santiago del Estero cuenta con índices de eficiencia técnica promedio de 0.567 (utilizando DEA CRS), 0.693 (utilizando DEA VRS) y 0.745 (utilizando SFA).Mediante la comparación de los resultados se observa que no existirían diferencias en los resultados entre DEA (VRS) y SFA, en cambio si se observan diferencias al comparar los resultados de DEA (CRS) y SFA. En ese marco, no se encontraron fundamentos para utilizar uno u otro método para los estudios de eficiencia en la agricultura familiar, debiéndose tomar la decisión de que método utilizar para cada caso en particular, de acuerdo al tipo de información disponible, la formación de cada investigador y la aplicación que se busque dar a los resultados.
AbstractThis paper studies the technical efficiency in family farming, using as case of study the production of goat milk at the basin of Santiago del Estero, and using DEA and SFA. Regarding the efficiency of the studied farmers, it is observed that goat milk basin of Santiago del Estero has technical efficiency average indices of 0.567 (using DEA CRS), 0.693 (using DEA VRS) and 0.745 (using SFA). By comparing the results it shows that there are no differences in outcomes between DEA (VRS) and SFA, however differences are observed comparing the results of DEA
The insects of the family Bruchidae (Coleoptera) are important predators; their larvae feed upon and live in the seeds of a wide variety of plants. In Argentina, there not exists background information concerning the levels of predation of Ipomoea nil (Convolvulaceae) seeds caused by these insects. Thus, the aim of this work was to record the incidence of the species of the genus Megacerus as predators of I. nil seeds, an important weed affecting cotton growing in the irrigation area of Santiago del Estero. Megacerus maculiventris was the only bruchine species identified as predator of this weed. The predation percentage ranged from 0.84 to 15.66% in the agricultural years 2004-2008. It was attested that the number of predated seeds per capsule is independent from the number of seeds per fruit. However, it was proved that the insect predates just one seed per capsule and the highest predation frequency occurs in fruits containing more than three seeds. The levels of predation of I. nil by M. maculiventris are low in relation to those registered in other hosts by bruchines of the genus Megacerus.
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