No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Smart, adaptive contact lenses (SCLs) are amongst the most anticipated, next-generation, standalone medical devices. SCLs require the integration of thin microelectronic components, tunable lenses, and micro-power sources onto a common non-planar substrate. Here, we report a miniaturized, sliding metalair electrochemical micro-battery driven by natural eye blinking motion that can be integrated with an SCL platform as a source of electrical energy. The metal-air battery (3⋅8 mm 2 ) consists of a Mg anode and a Pt cathode. The electrolyte of the battery is the eye-tear liquid and is introduced to the battery structure during the natural eye-blinking cycle, which activates the battery. The open-circuit voltage across the eyetear activated metal-air battery (ETMAB) was measured to be 2.2 V and the maximum speci c capacity of 3561 mA h g −1 was obtained at a discharge current density of 5 mA•cm −2 . Impedance matching analysis exhibits the maximum generated power density of 1.3 mW•cm −2 at the load of 740 Ω.

Using high-performance LC (E7) filled microfabricated refractive Fresnel chambers, we experimentally demonstrate a thin low-profile adaptive optical system with high analog tunability (2.1 D) that can be integrated with an adaptive contact-lens system.