No abstract

Risk factors for rebound phenomenon (ReP) have not been investigated in detail. Aim of this study is to investigate risk factors of ReP in lower extremity deformities after two-hole plate removal. Patients who underwent hemiepiphysiodes were retrospectively reviewed. Joint orientation angles of tibia and femur, deformity type, age of patient at initial surgery and plate removal, deformity correction rate, bone growth rate were noted. An increase of 5° or more in joint orientation angles in the direction of the initial deformity was considered ReP. A relationship between the patient parameters and ReP was evaluated. Ninety-four segments (55 femurs and 39 tibias) of 43 patients (15 males and 28 females) were included. ReP was observed in 56.2% of all valgus deformities (n = 73), and in 23.8% of varus deformities (n = 21). The ReP rate was 60% (n = 27) and 20% (n = 2) in femoral segments with preoperative valgus and varus deformities, respectively (P = 0.03). When gender, etiology, sides and age of implant application and removal were compared, there was no difference between ReP(+) and ReP(−) groups in femur and tibia. The correction rate of mechanical lateral distal femoral angle in ReP(−) and ReP(+) femurs was 0.7 ± 0.4°/month and 1.1 ± 0.3°/month, respectively (P = 0.01). Age at implant application and removal in the femoral valgus group was significantly lower in the ReP(+) group (P = 0.008 and P = 0.005, respectively). The ReP rate was higher in femoral segments with overcorrection (P = 0.008). The ReP rate was higher in femoral valgus deformities. Younger age at plate application and removal, higher correction rate in deformity and intentional overcorrection increased risk for ReP.

Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) is a disorder characterized by herpetic eruptions on the auricle, facial paralysis, and vestibulocochlear dysfunction and is attributed to varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in the geniculate ganglion. Although it is a common cause of acute peripheral facial paralysis, children are not usually affected. The diagnosis is based on history and physical findings. Treatment of RHS uses a combination of high-dose corticosteroids and acyclovir. This paper presents three cases diagnosed as RHS in the pediatric age group in association with the literature review. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of careful examination and early initiation of therapy in suspected cases of RHS.

Background We aimed to determine the ideal surgical timing in the first 24 hours after admission to the hospital of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures (SHF) that do not require emergent intervention. Materials and Methods Patients who underwent surgery in our institution between January 2011 and January 2019 due to pediatric Gartland type 3 SHFs were evaluated retrospectively. Open fractures, fractures associated with vascular injury and compartment syndrome, flexion type fractures were excluded. A total of 150 Gartland type 3 were included. The effect of early (<12 hours) or late (>12 hours) surgical interventions, daytime or night-time surgeries, working or non-working hour surgeries on operative parameters (operative duration and open reduction rate, reduction quality on postoperative early radiographs) were evaluated in pediatric SHFs. Results Early (<12 hours) or late (>12 hours), daytime or nighttime, working or non-working hour surgeries were found to be similar in Gartland type 3 patients regarding early postoperative reduction quality, duration of surgery, open reduction rate (p>0.05). Mean times passed from first admission to hospital until surgery were longer in working hour, late (>12 hours) and daytime surgery groups than non-working hour, early (<12 hours) and night-time surgery groups (p<0.001). Conclusion Although delaying the operation to the working hours seems to prolong the time until surgery in pediatric Gartland type 3 SHF patients who do not require emergent intervention such as open fractures, neurovascular impairment and compartment syndrome, there may not be a time interval that makes a difference for the patients if surgery is performed within the first 24 hours, thus the surgery could be scheduled according to the surgeons’ preference. Level of Evidence: Level 3, Retrospective cohort study

Patients who used esophageal speech perceived less stress and were less handicapped by their voice.

As a result, quality of life was decreased in subjects with LSS. The factors related with the quality of life were the walking distance, severity of the disability and emotional status in LSS.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the outcomes of paediatric and adult fingertip replantation within a single institution. Our retrospective study found no significant difference in the survival rate between the paediatric (10/12) and adult (22/26) groups. At 6 months follow-up, there was no significant difference in sensory recovery between both groups, as measured with Semmes–Weinstein testing, but a significant difference in mean static two-point discrimination testing values between the paediatric (4.0 mm) and adult (6.2 mm) groups. Moreover, the mean time for regaining sensation was faster in paediatric patients (1.3 months) as compared with adult patients (4.1 months). Five children and four adults received erythrocyte transfusion. Paediatric fingertip replantation has similar survival rates, faster and better sensory nerve recovery as compared with adults despite a higher erythrocyte transfusion rate. Although technically demanding, paediatric fingertip replantation is recommended, whenever possible, because of the good outcomes achievable. Level of evidence: IV

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage repair has been a challenge in orthopedic practice due to the limited self-regenerative capability. Optimal treatment method for cartilage defects has not been defined. We investigated the effect of decellularized human placental (DHP) scaffold, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on hyaline cartilage regeneration in a rat model. METHODS: An osteochondral defect was created in trochlea region of the femur in all groups, bilaterally. No additional procedure was performed in control group (n = 14). Only the DHP scaffold was applied to the P group (n = 14). The DHP scaffold and 1 9 10 6 MSCs were applied to the PS group (n = 14). The DHP scaffold and PRP were applied to the PP group (n = 14). The DHP scaffold, 1 9 10 6 MSCs and PRP were applied to the PSP group (n = 14). Outcome measures at 12 weeks included Pineda histology score and qualitative histology. RESULTS: The mean Pineda scores of P, PS, PP, and PSP groups were significantly better than the control group (p = 0.031, p = 0.002, p \ 0.001, p \ 0001, respectively). There was no statistically difference in mean Pineda scores of P, PS, PP, and PSP groups (p [ 0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the DHP scaffold appears to be a promising scaffold on hyaline cartilage regeneration. The augmentation of DHP scaffold with MSCs and PRP combinations did not enhance its efficacy on articular cartilage regeneration.