Undeveloped intestinal microflora and increased enterohepatic circulation of the newborn contribute to increase of plasma bilirubin level in the first days of life. This study was undertaken to determine the role of probiotic support started immediately after birth on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in babies born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery and breastfed only. A total of 150 healthy term newborns were included in the study and allocated in the study and control groups. Immediately after birth, newborns in the study group received probiotic in liquid drop form (Maflor® drops containing Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG 10 9 colony forming units, Mamsel Ilac, Turkey), at a dose of 5 drops a day, orally for 10 days. Newborns in the control group received 5 drops of saline solution per day orally, instead. Serum bilirubin levels (cord, 3 rd , 5 th and 10 th days of life) and defecation frequency were recorded. Mean total bilirubin levels on the 3 rd , 5 th and 10 th days were significantly lower and mean defecation frequency was significantly higher in the probiotic group compared to the controls (p<0.05 for each). Negative correlations were determined between defecation frequency and the 3 rd , 5 th and 10 th day-total bilirubin levels (r=-0.804, p<0.001; r=-0.818, p<0.001; r=-0.648, p<0.001, respectively). Probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) support initiated immediately after birth has a positive effect on bilirubin metabolism and may reduce the risk of hyperbilirubinemia.
Acute sensorimotor polyneuropathy that resembles Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and hepatitis is rarely accompanied with nephrotic syndrome. Its underlying immunological mechanisms are unclear. Involvement of immunological processes against common antigens in the glomerulus, peripheral nervous system and liver has been suggested. We describe a 5-year-old boy patient with acute sensorimotor polyneuropathy, myopathy and hepatitis that was accompanied with nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). He was in remission on nephrotic syndrome and polyneuropathy at his 6-month follow-up. Approximately 40 cases have been reported in the literature and to our knowledge he is the first patient with these four conditions. In conclusion, this case report suggests that the same underlying immunological mechanisms appear in relation with each other.
ÖZGiriş: Ülkemizde kuruyemiş tüketimi oldukça fazla olmasına rağmen kuruyemiş allerjisi sıklığı kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı, fındık üretiminin yaygın olarak yapıldığı Giresun ilinde fındık ve diğer kuruyemiş allerjilerinin sıklığını ve klinik özelliklerini ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve yöntem:Çalışma kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Giresun il merkezinde bulunan üç anaokulu, dokuz ilköğretim okulu ve iki liseden rastgele seçilen 6-17 yaş arası toplam 6000 çocukta anket yöntemiyle olası IgE aracılı kuruyemiş allerjilerinin sıklığı ve klinik özellikleri araştırıldı. Bulgular: Anket geri dönüş oranı %82.0 (4932/6000), kuruyemiş allerjisi bildirim sıklığı %2.7 (134/4932) idi. Telefon anketine katılan 124 çocuktan 49'unda (%0.99, %95 Güven Aralığı: 0.28, 0.71-1.27) kuruyemişlere karşı şüpheli IgE aracılı reaksiyon olduğu düşünüldü. Bunlardan 25'i (%51.0) kızdı, ortalama yaş 12.6±3.2 idi (yaş aralığı 6-17). Olguların %65.3'üne atopik hastalık eşlik ediyordu. Çalışma grubu içinde fındık, yer fıstığı, antep fıstığı ve ceviz için bildirilen sıklık oranları ise sırasıyla %0.4, %0.3, %0.2 ve %0.1 idi. En sık belirtiler sırasıyla deri belirtileri ve solunum sistemi belirtileriydi. Reaksiyon en sık evde olmuştu. Çocukların %65.3'ünde eşlik eden en az bir atopik hastalık bildirildi.Sonuç: Giresun ilinde yaşayan okul çocuklarında kuruyemiş allerjisi sıklığı düşük ve klinik belirtiler hafif olarak görülmektedir. Ancak ABSTRACT Objective: Despite the high rate of consumption in our country, the definite prevalence of any nut allergy is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of hazelnut and other nut allergies in Giresun, a city where hazelnut is cultivated in large amounts. Materials and Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of IgE-mediated nut allergy was investigated with the survey method in 6000 randomly selected children, between the ages of 6 and 17 years, from three kindergarden, nine primary schools and two high schools located in the city center of Giresun. Results:The response rate to questionnaires was 82.0% (4932/6000), and the reported prevalence of nut allergy was 2.7% (134/4932). Among patients who accepted the telephone survey, 49 were thought to have a possible IgE-mediated allergic reaction with nuts. Of them, 25 were female and the mean age was 12.6±3.2 years (between ages 6 and 17 years) and 65.3% of the children had associated atopic disease. Reported prevalence of hazelnut, peanut, pistachio and walnut was 0.4%, 0.3%, 0.2% and 0.1% respectively. The most common symptoms were cutaneous and respiratory. The reactions most commonly occurred at home. Conclusion:The prevalence of nut allergy is low and the clinical symptoms are mild among school-aged children living in Giresun.
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