Mobile devices (MDs) are becoming more prevalent and their battery life is optimised by offloading tasks to cloud servers. However, communication costs must be considered when offloading tasks. To make task offloading worthwhile, it is important to measure the energy consumed during communication activities. Thus, a heterogeneous framework is developed to enhance the energy efficiency of smartphones by analysing parameters such as task and non-task offloading, local cloudlets, radio access networks and remote cloud servers. This paper proposes a task offloading framework that uses a novel algorithm, the Hybrid Red Fox Flow Direction-based Ensemble SVM Forest Classifier, to enhance the system parameters and schedule tasks in offloading cloud computing conditions. The multi-objective function aims to improve user satisfaction by maximising resource utilisation and minimising function. The framework was tested in the Cloudsim simulation tool and compared with different techniques, with the results demonstrating its superiority in terms of energy efficiency and system performance. The proposed framework can optimise the energy efficiency of MDs and improve battery life.
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