Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near thyroid transcription factor genes (FOXE1 rs965513/NKX2-1 rs944289) have been shown to be associated with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in Caucasoid populations. We investigated the role of those SNPs in German patients with DTC and also extended our analysis to tumor stages and lymphocytic infiltration of the tumors (ITL). Methods: Patients with DTC (n = 243; papillary, PTC; follicular, FTC) and healthy controls (HC; n = 270) were analyzed for the rs965513 and rs944289 SNPs. Results: The case-control analysis for rs965513 SNP showed that the genotypes ''AA,'' ''AG,'' and minor allele ''A'' were more frequent in patients with DTC than in HC (pronounced in PTC p genotype = 0.000084, p allele = 0.006 than FTC p genotype = 0.29 and p allele = 0.06). Furthermore, subgroup analysis of the DTC patients stratified for primary tumor stage (T1-T2, T3-T4), the absence or presence of regional lymph node metastases (N0, N1), for distant metastases (M0, M1), as well as for ITL, showed an association of rs965513 with stages T1-T2, T1-T3, N1, and absence of ITL. The NKX2-1 SNP rs944289, however, was not associated with DTC. Conclusion: Our results confirm that the FOXE1 rs965513 SNP confers an increased risk for DTC