ABSTRACT:A Novel monomer 9,I0-bis(4-hydroxy-1-butynyl)anthracene (Ml) was synthesized and some polyesters and polyurethanes containing a donor 9, 10-diethynylanthracene and acceptor pyromellitic diimide groups were prepared. The polymers were soluble in common organic solvents and gave transparent films by casting. They showed 5% weight loss at the temperature 250-300°C. All polymers showed luminescence and maximum depended on polymer composition. Polymers containing the 9,10-diethynylanthracene moiety alone showed luminescence with maximum at 470-480nm while those containing 9,10-diethynylanthracene and pyromellitic diimide groups showed luminescence with maximum around 600nm due to the charge transfer complex (CTC) formation between them. Some polymers showed electroluminescence with turn-on voltage of 10.5 V.
The hydrogen spill-over mechanism was studied by applying Density Functional Theory. We used small palladium clusters to act as the catalyst supported on the substrate (comprised of pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen doped graphene), in order to study hydrogen dissociation, migration and diffusion. Charge transfer and strong binding between the catalyst and the substrate lead to dissociated states of H and prevent clusters from detaching and coalescing. In dissociated cases of H on Pd clusters, energy barriers below 0.6 eV were found. Likewise, concerning hydrogen migration from the catalyst to the substrate, energy barrier values of 0.8 eV (pyridinic defect) and 0.5 eV (pyrrolic defect) were apparent in the case of the Pd cluster at full hydrogen saturation. This indicates that hydrogen dissociation and migration may occur spontaneously at room temperature. This result shows that the interaction between the defects and the small metal clusters may explain the role that defects play in hydrogen migration from the catalyst to the substrate. Subsequently, it was found that thermal desorption does not limit chemisorbed hydrogen diffusion on the substrate. This work may thus help to determine experimental strategies with the capacity to enhance hydrogen storage.
ABSTRACT:The Au(I)-Au(I) closed-shell or aurophilic attraction has been the subject of interest in the experimental and theoretical chemistry fields, due to the intriguing properties associated to it. The presence of phosphorescence in ''aurophilic'' compounds has been addressed to a wide range of applications, but it has not yet been fully understood. A theoretical study on the electronic and phosphorescent properties of the following series of dinuclear gold complexes has been performed: [Au 2 (dmpm) (i-mnt)] (1), [Au 2 (l-Me-TU) (l-dppm)] (2), and [Au 2 (l-G)(l-dmpe)] (3). Full geometry optimizations at the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) were carried out for each of the species. These calculations made evident that, at the groundstate geometry, the Au(I) cations allocated at the center of the ring show a short Au-Au distance below the sum of the van der Waals radii, at the range of the aurophilic attraction. An intermolecular Au(I)-Au(I) closed-shell attraction for a pair of the systems under study is found. This attraction is comparable to that of the hydrogen bonds. The phosphorescent properties experimentally observed for this series were also characterized through ab initio techniques. The obtained results allow to fit reasonably
This DFT study examined the interaction of a sulfated zirconia (SZ) slab model system (heterogeneous catalyst) and triacetin (a precursor in biodiesel production) using explicit methanol solvent molecules. Full geometry optimizations of the systems were performed at the B3LYP level of theory. Gibbs free energies provide insight into the spontaneity of the reactions along a three-step reaction mechanism for the transesterification of triacetin. Charge decomposition analysis revealed electronic charge transfer between the metallic oxide and the organic moieties involved in the reaction mechanism. Fukui indices indicate the likely locations on the SZ surface where catalysis may occur. The quadratic synchronous transit scheme was used to locate transition structures for each step of the transesterification process. The results are in agreement with the strongly acidic catalytic character of zirconium observed experimentally in the production of biodiesel.
Inspired by the experimental discovery of magic numbers we present a first study using density functional theory for the structure and properties of neutral and cationic Bi6Cu3 and Bi5Cu2 clusters. Our results confirm predictions based on Wade's rules. The closed electron shells, characteristic of cationic clusters help impose enhanced stability, while also complying with Wade's rules. Charge distribution analysis, as well as electrostatic potential maps show that in almost all cases, Bi atoms donate charges to Cu atoms. According to the analysis of condensed Fukui indices, Cu atoms inside both clusters are not reactive. Contrastingly, Bi atoms are reactive and may be targeted by different types of attack. This study of the electronic properties may thus help to determine experimental strategies with the capacity to enhance the synthesis of catalysts.
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