This study evaluates the psychological characteristics in sports performance according to gender and sports modality practiced in school sports. In addition, the possible correlations between the variables of the questionnaire of Psychological Characteristics related to Sports Performance (CPRD) (Gimeno, Buceta & Pérez-Llantada, 1994) are determined. in men and in women. The research follows a quantitative methodology of descriptive cut, through the survey. The sample size is 816 young athletes between 12 and 18 years old (411 men and 405 women), who practice different individual and collective sports in the Spanish region of Castilla-La Mancha. The results show statistically significant differences in the psychological characteristics of stress control and influence of performance evaluation, in which men obtain higher scores than women. Besides, the results show, in relation to the psychological characteristics of the men and the practiced sport modality, that there are statistically significant differences in the dimensions Mental Ability and Team Cohesion. Finding these differences of Mental Ability between men who practice Football (lower scores) and those who practice Swimming and Athletics (higher scores). Regarding the differences in Team Cohesion, they are among male sportsmen who practice Football (lower scores) and those who practice Volleyball (higher scores). However, the results show, that there are no statistically significant differences between the sports modality practiced and the female gender. Prevention measures are needed by coaches / educators, parents and young athletes, in order to strengthen their levels of self-confidence, and
Anxiety is the main manifestation of stress in competitive sport. This study evaluates anxiety control in school-age sport, according to gender, age, type of sport (individual / team) and sports modality. The research follows a descriptive quantitative methodology, using a survey. The sample was composed of 816 young athletes aged between 12 and 18 (411 men and 405 women), who practise different individual and team sports in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). The sample size was calculated taking several aspects into consideration: the population is infinite; the population variance was calculated according to the worst-case scenario where “P” and “Q” are equal with 50% each; and the confidence interval was 95.5%, with a margin of error of ± 3.5%. The questionnaire used was Psychological Characteristics related to Sports Performance (CPRD). The results show statistically significant differences in relation to gender, since men have greater anxiety control. No statistically significant differences appear in relation to age, type of sport (individual / team) and sports modality. Likewise, correlations are evident with other relevant psychological dimensions such as motivation, influence of performance evaluation and mental ability, with the exception of team cohesion. Prevention measures should be implemented by coaches / educators, parents and young athletes, in order to strengthen their levels of self-confidence and simultaneously reduce the levels of anxiety generated in school-age sports.
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