In conclusion, this pilot CEM programme suggests that adverse events with ACTs were common. However, serious life-threatening events were not common. It appears that ACTs have a tolerable safety profile among Nigerians.
The aim was to assess the knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among women receiving antenatal care in the teaching hospital. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to two hundred women in the antenatal clinic. Majority of the respondents (69.5%) were between 25-34 years of age, 57.0% were multiparous and 67.7% had attained tertiary level education. Eighty-four women (42.0%) were able to define exclusive breastfeeding correctly while just 7.0% of the respondents knew the ten steps to successful breastfeeding. Only 44.5% of the women practiced exclusive breastfeeding. None of the women belonged to a breastfeeding support group and the most common source of information on exclusive breastfeeding was the antenatal health talks (81.0%). The level of knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding by women in our centre is poor. There is need for large scale health enlightenment of members of the public on exclusive breastfeeding. There is also the need for periodic retraining of relevant health workers on the practice of exclusive breastfeeding and strategies introduced for its regular monitoring and evaluation.
Background: Over the past three decades, double burden of malnutrition (DBM), a situation where high levels of undernutrition (stunting, thinness, or micronutrient deficiency) coexist with overnutrition (overweight and obesity), continues to rise in sub-Saharan Africa. Compared to other countries in the region, the evidence on DBM is limited in Nigeria. Objective: This paper aimed to determine the comparative prevalence of population-level and individual-level DBM among adolescents in two emerging cities in northern and southern Nigeria. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study among apparently healthy secondary school adolescents aged 10–18 years in Gombe (northern Nigeria) and Uyo (southern Nigeria) between January 2015 and June 2017. A multistage random sampling technique was implemented to recruit adolescents from 24 secondary schools in both cities. Measures of general obesity (body mass index) and stature (height-for-age) were classified and Z-scores generated using the WHO AnthroPlus software, which is based on the WHO 2006 growth reference. Population-level DBM was defined as the occurrence of thinness and overweight/obesity within the population. Individual-level DBM was defined as the proportion of individuals who were concurrently stunted and had truncal obesity or stunted and were overweight/obese. Findings: Overall, at the population-level in both settings, 6.8% of adolescents had thinness, while 12.4% were overweight/obese signifying a high burden of population-level DBM. Comparatively, the population-level DBM was higher in Gombe compared to Uyo (thinness: 11.98% vs 5.3% and overweight/obesity: 16.08% vs 11.27% in Gombe vs Uyo respectively). Overall, at the individual level, 6.42% of stunted adolescents had coexisting truncal obesity, while 8.02% were stunted and had coexisting general overweight/obesity. Like the trend with population-level DBM, individual-level DBM was higher in Gombe (northern Nigeria) compared to Uyo (southern Nigeria). Conclusion: High levels of population-level and individual-level DBM exist in Gombe and Uyo. However, the level of DBM (under- and over-nutrition) is higher in Gombe located in northern Nigeria compared to Uyo in southern Nigeria.
Background: Neonatal conditions have been noted to contribute significantly to under-five mortality rate. Knowledge of its pattern in our environment will help in planning for improved health care delivery. Aim: To determine the morbidity and mortality patterns of patients admitted into the neonatal unit of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients admitted into the neonatal unit of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital over a period of twelve months from 1 st of January, 2011 to 31 st of December, 2011 was carried out. Information extracted from the records included age at presentation, gender, duration of hospitalisation, main diagnosis, and outcome. Results: A total of 997 neonates were admitted during the period of review. The male to female ratio was 1.1:1 in favour of the males (529:468). Of these, the commonest diagnoses were: neonatal sepsis 253(25.38%), prematurity 188(18.86%), neonatal jaundice 181(18.15%) and birth asphyxia 137(13.74%). Mean duration of admission was9 days. The overall mortality rate was 12.9% with a male to female death ratio of1.3:1. Gender-related fatality rate was higher in males than females at 13.8% and 12.0% respectively. Majority (80.6%) of the deaths occur among the out-born while (43.4%) occur within 24 hours of admission. Conclusion: Most of the neonatal deaths were from preventable diseases. Good antenatal care is advocated for all pregnant women. This will help in screening, identification and timely referral of high risk pregnant women from primary health facilities to secondary and tertiary health facilities.
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