The fine particles (PM2.5) has become a major air pollution problem in China, and PM2.5 mass concentration monitor was used to measure the concentration of PM2.5, and whether it is accurate or not determines the quality of the atmosphere. In this study, the uncertainty of the calibration device of PM2.5 mass concentration monitor was estimated. By analyzing the source of the uncertainty of calibration device, the analytical method of the uncertainty was determined. It was proved that when the aerosol concentration were 50μg/m3, 200μg/m3 and 500μg/m3, the expanded uncertainty of the calibration device were 0.90%, 0.90% and 10.02% respectively, and it showed that the major influence factor of the uncertainty of the calibration device was the mass concentration indication error.
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