In order to determine the current status of milking characteristics, hygiene and health protection practices in Saanen goat farms in Turkey, data were obtained from 92 farms through surveys in Çanakkale province. The farms are grouped according to the number of animals as small-scale (25-75 heads), medium-scale (76-150 heads) and large-scale (151 and overheads). As a result of the data observed, it has been seen that the majority of the farms (63.04%) had primary education and only 8.69% had education at the university level. While 44 farms have a milking machine or milking system in their farms, the other 48 farms use the hand milking. The 72.8% of the farms stated that they did not receive any training on milking hygiene and milking machines. Breast diseases are among the most common health problems in the farms (61.9%), followed by, digestive system diseases (8.6%), bacterial diseases (5.4%), foot diseases (2.1%) and viral diseases (4.3%), respectively. The prevalence of mastitis which is the leading cause of breast disease differs statistically in terms of scale (p < .05). In this period, the scale of the farms increased and the use of machine milking became widespread in dairy goat farms. Considering that Saanen breed goats, which have high milk yield, are also sensitive to diseases and are delicate breeds, it is important for the farmers to be educated and informed about breeding, herd management, and milking hygiene practices in order to increase milk production and quality and to prevent economic losses. HIGHLIGHTSThe current status of milking hygiene and practices was evaluated. Mastitis was the most common disease (39.1%) observed in Saanen goat farms. To prevent economic losses due to diseases, farmers should be trained on hygiene and management practices. ARTICLE HISTORY
The aim of this study was to determine the economic analysis of beekeeping enterprises in Aegean Region of Turkey. The material of the current study was collected through face to face interviews from the total of 73 small, medium and largescale enterprises determined by simple random sampling in Aegean region of Turkey (Aydın, Denizli, Mugla provinces). A backward regression model was developed to assess the input and output relationships in the enterprises. According to the results, the factors that affect the total profit, namely, marketing costs, sale price, unit cost, equipment and other expenses were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). In the study, the lowest cost of producing honey was found to be in large-scale enterprises (1.
The present study is the first study which is about measuring the efficiency of cattle fattening enterprises with data envelopment analysis in Turkey. In this study it is aimed to comparatively present the performance score of intensive cattle fattening enterprises in the Northeast Anatolia Region with data envelopment analysis in two fattening periods. The CCR input method model was established with 10 inputs and 3 outputs for analysis. The analysis program was operated with "Super Efficiency" command to see efficiency score differences among DMU. As a result of measurements, performance scores that belong to total 143 DMU were determined. According to that, while the performance score mean of DMU in first fattening period were 112.01 in all DMU, 103.97 in small scale DMU, 113.82 in medium scale DMU, and 124.88 in large scale DMU, DMU's performance score means were 105.89, 108.94, 99.40, and 94.13 respectively in the second fattening period. The inefficiency DMU rate was measured as 22.79% in the first fattening period and 31.25% in second fattening period. When two fattening periods were compared in view of measurements, it was observed that there was a significant difference between medium and large scale DMU's performance scores (P < 0.05). In conclusion, it is considered that the increase in the number of inefficiency decision making units in the second fattening period was caused by the excessive increase in the fattening material cost, the low carcass meat price in comparison to the increase in the fattening material cost, and the decrease in the capacity utilization rate. Keywords ÖzetBu çalışma Türkiye'de sığır besi işletmelerinin veri zarflama yöntemiyle etkinliğinin ölçülmesinde ilk olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Çalışmada veri zarflama analizi yöntemiyle Kuzeydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'ndeki entansif sığır besi işletmelerinin iki besi dönemi halinde karşılaştırmalı olarak performans skorlarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Analiz için 10 girdi ve 3 çıktı ile CCR girdi yönelimli model kurulmuştur. Analiz programı "Karar Verme Birimleri"nin (KVB) kendi aralarındaki etkinlik skor farklarını görmek amacıyla "Super Efficiency" komutuyla çalıştırılmıştır. Hesaplamalar sonucunda toplam 143 KVB'ne ait performans skorları saptanmıştır. Buna göre birinci besi dönemindeki performans skor ortalamaları KVB'nin tamamında 112.01, küçük ölçekli KVB'nde 103.97, orta ölçekli KVB'nde 113.82 ve büyük ölçekli KVB'nde 124.88 iken, ikinci besi döneminde KVB'nin performans skor ortalamaları aynı sırayla 105.89, 108.94, 99.40, 94.13 olarak belirlenmiştir. Etkin olmayan KVB oranı birinci besi döneminde %22.79, ikinci besi döneminde ise %31.25 olarak hesaplanmıştır. İki besi dönemi ölçeklere göre karşılaştırıldığında orta ve büyük ölçekli KVB'nin performans skorları arasındaki fark önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak; etkin olmayan KVB sayısının ikinci besi döneminde artış göstermesine; besi materyali maliyetindeki aşırı yükselmenin, besi materyali fiyatındaki yükselişe göre düşük kalan karkas et fiyatının ve kapasite kullanı...
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