The expected growth in the mobile video demand over the broadband cellular networks is one of the key factors driving the wireless industry to develop fifth generation of network technology. This scenario is fueling the need for group-oriented services (i.e., multicast and broadcast) in order to efficiently manage the radio resources, and consequently, grant different groups of users simultaneous access to the same multimedia content with differentiated quality of service (QoS). The evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (eMBMS), standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), is one of the technologies likely to be extended to 5G systems with the aim of addressing Point-to-Multipoint services. In addition, Non-Orthogonal Multiplexing Access (NOMA) techniques are being also considered as a driver to increase the efficient use of the spectrum in multi-user environments with asymmetric data delivery. The present article proposes the joint use of subgrouping multicast techniques and NOMA, in an eMBMS-like scenarios. Performance is evaluated in envisaged 5G environments, where different quality video services are delivered to a group of users interested in the same contents.

Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet refer to the expected revolution in production, utility management and, in general, fully automated, interconnected and digitally managed industrial ecosystems. One of the key enablers for Industry 4.0 lies on reliable and timely exchange of information and large scale deployment of wireless communications in industry facilities. Wireless will bring solutions to overcome the main drawbacks of the current wired systems: lack of mobility, deployment costs, cable damage dependency and scalability. However, the strict requirements in reliability and latency of use cases such as Factory Automation (FA) and Process Automation (PA) are still a major challenge and a barrier for massive deployment of currently available wireless standards. This paper proposes a PHY/MAC wireless communication solution for FA and PA based on Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) in combination with the 802.11n standard. The communication system proposed aims at delivering two different sets of services. The first service class is composed of Critical Services (CS) with strict restrictions in reliability and latency. The same communication system should convey also a second group of services, referred as Best Effort (BE) with more relaxed boundary conditions. The proposal theoretical background, a detailed transmission-reception architecture, the physical layer performance and the MAC level system reliability are presented in this paper. The solution provides significantly better reliability and higher flexibility than TDMA systems, jointly with a predictable control-cycle latency.

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This paper presents improvements in the physical layer reliability of the IEEE 802.11be standard. Most wireless system proposals do not fulfill the stringent requirements of Factory Automation use cases. The harsh propagation features of industrial environments usually require time retransmission techniques to guarantee link reliability. At the same time, retransmissions compromise latency. IEEE 802.11be, the upcoming WLAN standard, is being considered for Factory Automation (FA) communications. 802.11be addresses specifically latency and reliability difficulties, typical in the previous 802.11 standards. This paper evaluates different channel coding techniques potentially applicable in IEEE 802.11be. The methods suggested here are the following: WLAN LDPC, WLAN Convolutional Codes (CC), New Radio (NR) Polar, and Long Term Evolution (LTE)-based Turbo Codes. The tests consider an IEEE 802.11be prototype under the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel and industrial channel models. The results suggest that the best performing codes in factory automation cases are the WLAN LDPCs and New Radio Polar Codes.

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The choice of modulation schemes is a fundamental building block of wireless communication systems. As a key component of physical layer design, they critically impact the expected communication capacity and wireless signal robustness. Their design is also critical for the successful rollout of wireless standards that require a compromise between performance, efficiency, latency, and hardware requirements. This paper presents a survey of constellation design strategies and associated outcomes for wireless communication systems. The survey discusses their performance and complexity to address the need for some desirable properties, including consistency, channel capacity, system performance, required demapping architecture, flexibility, and independence. Existing approaches for constellation designs are investigated using appropriate metrics and categorized based on their theoretical algorithm design. Next, their application to different communication standards is analyzed in context, aiming at distilling general guidelines applicable to the wireless building block design. Finally, the survey provides a discussion on design directions for future communication system standardization processes.INDEX TERMS Bandwidth, communication waveforms, mobile communications, spectral efficiency, wireless communications.