For the last twenty years, mobile communications have experienced an explosive growth. In particular, one area of mobile communication, the Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs), has attracted significant attention due to its multiple applications and its challenging research problems. On the other hand, the nodes mobility in these networks has introduced new challenges for the routing protocols, especially when the mobility induces multiple disconnections in the network. In this survey, we present an overview of this issue and a detailed discussion of the major factors involved. In particular, we show how messages can be efficiently disseminated in different types of MANETs.
Nowadays mobile communications gain more and inspired concepts permeate the network and its services, more importance. The increased usage requires more blending them together, so that the network moulds itself sophisticated services. In this paper a possible, future to the services it runs, and services, in turn, become a network architecture is examined, called BIONETS. In this mirror image of the social networks of users they serve. case the mobile nodes for the entire network, withoutThis new paradigm breaks the barrier between service dedicated backbone is present. We pursue the goal of providers and users, and sets up the opportunity for finding an optimal information dissemination model over "mushrooming" of spontaneous services, therefore some mobility model. The investigation covers our paving the way to a service-centric ICT revolution.previously defined protocol called IOBIO, classical Such network in our case consists of two types of broadcast and a newly developed adaptive broadcast nodes. The information is gathered and initial messages algorithm. We run several simulations -with an own . . simulator created in OMNeT++ in order to decide which pare created by the so called T-nodes, but they do not one is the optimal information dissemination method for the Ticitypes of nodes can be descrabed for onstance as given mobility environment. The results give us the advantage to further improve the communication in such sensors measuring the temperature of a road. The other networks.types of nodes are the U-nodes. These are carried by the users of the network and can be PDAs, mobile phones, Index Terms-ad hoc networks, adaptive broadcast, etc. U-nodes transmit and process information, and they BIONETS, information dissemination change location as the user moves, in spite of the T-nodes that locations are fixed. We used the Constant Speed I. INTRODUCTION Mobility Model and the Reference Point Group MobilityThe inherent flexibility offered by the development of Model with Dynamic Clustering to simulate the portable computers and wireless networking has lead to movement of the U-nodes. the large growth in mobile computing. In most wireless Communication between nodes can occur in two ways: networks there is some kind of central coordinating entity. the first one is the communication between two U-nodes, Communications occur by means of routing and usage of the second one is between a T-node and a U-node (at this a base station as a gateway between the wireless and stage there is no communication between T-nodes.). For wired network. However there are situations when no battery saving and other reasons broadcasting is not an central coordinator can be implemented. In these cases the efficient way of communication. In this paper our main mobile nodes must form an autonomous network concern is to find an efficient way for information communicating by using only wireless methods, without dissemination between the U-nodes. any centralized intelligence and management.The paper is organized as follows. In the se...
We examined the efficiency of information dissemination assuming a disconnected network architecture where highly mobile nodes form the network. The nodes have different limitations, like short battery life and low computing capabilities. We created IOBIO and MIOBIO, two protocols for information dissemination in this environment. In this article we present the results of several simulations -with a simulator created in OMNeT++ to analyze opportunistic communicationsto compare the performance of the two information dissemination methods for a given mobility environment. The results give us an insight how to decrease the cost of communication in such networks.
In this paper we address the minimum-energy broadcast problem. To increase the energy efficiency, we allow nodes that are out of the transmission range of a transmitter to collect the energy of unreliably received overheard signals. As a message is forwarded through the network, a node will have multiple opportunities to reliably receive the message by collecting energy during each retransmission. We refer to this strategy as accu-mulative broadcast. Under the assumption that the nodes reliably forward messages, we formulate the minimum-energy accumulative broadcast problem. We present a solution employing two subproblems. First, we identify the ordering in which nodes should transmit. Second, we determine the optimum power levels for that ordering. While the second subproblem can be solved by means of linear programming, the ordering subproblem is found to be NP-complete. We devise a heuristic algorithm to find a good ordering and evaluate the performance of the algorithm. Preliminary results show the performance of the heuristic algorithm is generally close to the optimum solution. Results also show a significant improvement compared to the well known BIP algorithm for constructing an energy-efficient broadcast tree.
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