The platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is an integrated reflection of 2 opposite thrombotic/inflammatory pathways that are easily calculated from a complete blood count. The PLR initially served as a systemic inflammatory biomarker to predict the prognosis of neoplastic diseases. In recent years, the PLR has been used as a prognostic marker in cardiovascular (CV) conditions. In this review, we consider the evidence regarding the association of the PLR with CV disease (CVD) and its possible use as a prognostic marker of CVD. The role of PLR has been investigated in CV conditions in several studies. We assessed clinical trials using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science (up to April 18, 2018) to evaluate the association between PLR and mortality/major adverse cardiac events in these conditions. Most of these studies reported significant relationships between a high PLR and diverse outcomes. In conclusion, we suggest that PLR is a cheap and easily available systemic inflammatory marker that can predict distinct outcomes in different types of CVD.
Serum γ‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) is associated with oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis. The extent to which its value in determining incident cardiometabolic risk (coronary heart disease (CHD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), hypertension and type 2 diabetes) is independent of obesity needs to be further explored in ethnicities. After appropriate exclusions, a cohort of 1,667 adults of a general population (age 52 ±11 years) was evaluated prospectively at 4 year's follow‐up using partly Cox proportional hazard regressions. GGT activity was measured kinetically, and values were log‐transformed for analyses. MetS was identified by Adult Treatment Panel‐III criteria modified for male abdominal obesity. Median (interquartile range) GGT activity was 24.9 (17.0; 35.05) U/l in men, 17.0 (12.3; 24.0) U/l in women. In linear regression analysis, while smoking status was not associated, (male) sex, sex‐dependent age, alcohol usage, BMI, fasting triglycerides and C‐reactive protein (CRP) were significant independent determinants of circulating GGT. Each 1‐s.d. increment in (= 0.53 ln GGT) GGT activity significantly predicted in each sex incident hypertension (hazard ratio (HR) 1.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10; 1.31)), and similarly MetS, after adjustment for age, alcohol usage, smoking status, BMI and menopause. Strongest independent association existed with diabetes (HR 1.3 (95% CI 1.1; 1.5)) whereas GGT activity tended to marginally predict CHD independent of total bilirubin but not of BMI. Higher serum total bilirubin levels were protective against CHD risk in women. We conclude that elevated serum GGT confers, additively to BMI, risk of hypertension, MetS, and type 2 diabetes but only mediates adiposity against CHD risk.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in the literature showing that MHR is significantly associated with SXscores. Our results suggest that MHR can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with stable CAD, since it is an easily available and inexpensive test.
Study objective-The aim was to describe the plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride profiles in a random sample of Turkish adults and analyse the effects of certain coronary risk factors on these levels.Design-This was a cross sectional population based survey.Setting-59 communities scattered in all seven geographical regions of Turkey were surveyed in the summer of 1990.Subjects-A random sample of 3689 men and women 20 years of age and over was studied.Measurements and main resultsPlasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose (using Reflotron and with partial validation in reference laboratory), weight, height, and blood pressure were measured, and information on smoking, physical activity, and family income obtained.Hypercholesterolaemia (> 6 Analysis of the young adult sample population provides additional data on the rise in serum cholesterol levels in a population.
MethodsThe survey on the prevalence of cardiac disease and risk factors in adults in Turkey includes 3689 men and women 20 years of age and over residing in 59 different communities scattered over all the seven geographical regions of Turkey. The criteria for selecting the urban and rural communities, participating subjects, the surveying teams and the steering committee, methods of data collection, and the data obtained in the questionnaire have been presented in a separate report.2 Briefly, a random sample of the Turkish adult population was surveyed with the purpose of determining the prevalence of heart diseases and the risk factors for coronary artery disease. The sample was representatively stratified for sex, age, and geographical region as well as for the rural-urban distribution.In this study a community was defined as rural when it had a population less than 8000 and urban when its population exceeded this figure. Communities were selected in the sample so that the same proportion of the rural population (430%) and ofcities with a population over 500 000 (27°%) was present as in the whole of Turkey (43-7% and 23-4% respectively). Towns with intermediate populations were also represented proportionately in the sample.In the selection of participants from the various communities, the number of subjects in each age group was predetermined. When each surveying team reached the sample community, they first obtained information from the local authority about the socioeconomic distribution of the living quarters, and then rang randomly preselected doors in the evening and gave appointments for an Turkish Society of
TDR can be determined by an easy, inexpensive, automated, or optionally manual spectrophotometric assay, and correlates inversely with SXscore in patients with NSTEMI.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.