ABSTRACT:The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between body weight and body measurement of Peranakan Etawah (PE) goat male at different age in Klaten Regency. The research was conducted in District Karangnongko and Kemalang. The research used 98 male goats aged 0-60 months and the data were analyzed using correlation and regression. The study found a very positive relationship between the chest girth, the body length, shoulders height, chest depth and body weight on goats aged 0-6 months until 12-24 months of age. Another findings were goats with 24-36 months of age had a very positive relationship between chest girth and the body length with body weight, while shoulders height and chest depth had a positive correlation with body weight. A very positive relationship was also found on the chest girth with body weight of goats with age of 36-60 months, while other body measurements had a very low positive relationship. The study concluded that chest girth had a close correlation with body weight of the PE goat. Keywords: Body measurements, body weight, Peranakan Etawah PENDAHULUANPeternakan kambing merupakan salah satu usaha peternakan yang umum dilakukan oleh peternak rakyat baik sebagai pekerjaan sampingan maupun sebagai pekerjaan pokok. Penentuan produksi kambing pedaging bisa dilakukan melalui penimbangan untuk mengetahui bobot badan ternak tersebut sehingga peternak dapat menentukan harga jual ternak yang dipelihara.Peternak atau pedagang yang curang terkadang memberikan pakan sebanyak mungkin untuk meningkatkan bobot badan ternak sebelum dijual. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pendugaan bobot badan melalui ukuran-ukuran tubuh ternak untuk mengetahui bobot badan ternak yang sesungguhnya. Ukuran-ukuran tubuh menjadi penting diketahui sebagai kriteria dalam mendapatkan bobot badan ternak secara efisien dan akurat. Menurut Isroli (2001), ukuran tubuh mempunyai sumbangan penting untuk memperkirakan bobot tubuh ternak yang cukup besar yaitu ±90% dari bobot badan ternak sebenarnya, karena tubuh ternak diibaratkan sebuah silinder.Trisnawanto dkk. (2012) menyatakan bahwa nilai dari ukuran-ukuran tubuh semakin meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya bobot badan ternak. Menurut Batubara dkk. (2006), bobot tubuh kambing PE jantan dewasa dapat mencapai 60 kg, sedangkan uku-

INTISARITujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi tentang karakteristik cairan rumen, jenis, dan jumlah mikrobia yang terdapat pada rumen sapi Jawa dan sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) jantan. Materi penelitian berupa 12 sampel cairan rumen (6 dari sapi Jawa jantan dan 6 dari sapi PO jantan) yang diambil dari rumah potong hewan (RPH) di Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Variabel yang dianalisis adalah pH, NH 3 , dan volatile fatty acids (VFA), serta mikrobia yang terdapat di dalamnya yang dibedakan menjadi: protozoa, bakteri, dan fungi. Data yang diperoleh ditampilkan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa pH cairan rumen sapi Jawa (6,83) sedikit lebih tinggi dari pada sapi PO (6,67), namun keduanya masih dalam kondisi yang normal. Konsentrasi NH 3 cairan rumen sapi Jawa (8,75 mgN/100ml) lebih tinggi dari pada sapi PO (7,49 mgN/100ml). Konsentrasi asetat dan butirat cairan rumen sapi Jawa lebih rendah dari pada sapi PO, tetapi konsentrasi propionat cairan rumen sapi Jawa lebih tinggi dari pada sapi PO. Rasio asetat-propionat cairan rumen sapi Jawa lebih rendah dari pada sapi PO. Jumlah protozoa cairan rumen pada sapi Jawa (64,12 per µl cairan rumen) lebih rendah dari pada sapi PO (76,33 per µl cairan rumen). Populasi bakteri cairan rumen sapi Jawa (2,7 x 10 7 cfu/g) lebih rendah dari pada sapi PO (2,3 x 10 8 cfu/g), tetapi populasi jamur cairan rumen sapi Jawa (9,3 x 10 4 cfu/g) lebih tinggi dari pada sapi PO (1,9 x 10 3 cfu/g). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pH cairan rumen kedua sapi netral, tetapi konsentrasi NH 3 , asam propionat dan populasi jamur cairan rumen sapi Jawa lebih tinggi dari pada sapi PO, sehingga rasio asam asetat-propionat pada sapi Jawa menjadi lebih rendah yang berarti lebih berpeluang untuk menghasilkan produktivitas berupa pertambahan bobot badan yang lebih tinggi.(Kata kunci: Karakteristik cairan rumen, Mikrobia rumen, Sapi Jawa, Sapi PO) ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to obtain data on the characteristics of rumen fluids, type and the number of microbes in Java and

Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate dietary crude protein (CP) level on performance of body weight (BW) gain, carcass production, and nitrogen emission on lambs. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 male thin-tailed lambs (15.2±1.8 kg initial BW and aged 3-4 months) were assigned to completely randomized design for 84-day feeding trial. The animals were divided into three different levels of CP (i.e., 14%, 16%, and 18% with isocaloric diets and 60% total digestible nutrients) with four replications. Results: Increasing CP level was not significantly affected on average daily gain (ADG), carcass production, N and N2O emissions, and efficiency of emissions related to the productions. The average of ADG, carcass production, meat production, meat protein production, N emission, and N2O emission was 141.4 g, 11.6 kg, 6.8 kg, 0.9 kg, 53.1 g/day, and 0.3 g/day, respectively. The efficiency of ADG, carcass production, meat production, and meat protein related to N emissions were 119.7 g/kg, 4.4 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, and 56.6 g/kg, respectively, while N2O emissions related to ADG, carcass production, meat production, and meat protein were 2.4 g/kg, 0.027 g/kg, 0.36 g/kg, and 0.34 g/kg, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the increase of CP level up to 18% did not affect productivity, N emissions, and efficiency of emissions per unit product because the increase of CP was not balanced by energy content in feed.

The aim of this study was to investigate phylogenetical relationships between Kejobong goat and Kacang goat as well as Etawah Grade goat using genetic diversity, haplotype, and genetic distance analysis based on D-loop sequences. A total of 76 blood samples belonged to three local goats, namely Kacang goat (KC), Etawah Grade goat (EG), and Kejobong goat (KJ). The DNA genome was extracted based on the manufacturer's standard protocol using gSYNC DNA Mini Kit (Geneaid Biotech Ltd.) for sequence analysis control region (D-loop) in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) using specific primer. The results revealed that there were a total of 36 nucleotide substitutions, those were 1 indel (insertion or deletion), 34 haplotypes with Pi = 0.00253±0.00029 and Hd = 0.925±0.018 in three local goats, while intra-breed in this study showed Pi value of EG, KC, and KJ were 0.00452±0.00077, 0.00214±0.00028 and 0.00143±0.00018, respectively and Hd value were 0.985±0.025, 0.926±0.032, and 0.855±0.044, respectively. Genetic distances between KJ and KC, KJ and EG, and between KC and EG were 0.0018; 0.0034, and 0.0036, respectively. The highest NHap was observed in KC (17), followed by EG (15) and KJ (11); and all three local goats were in the same cluster in phylogeny tree. In conclusion, genetically, Kejobong goat is a crossbred of Kacang goat and Etawah Grade goat and has closer genetic relationships to Kacang goat than to Etawah Grade goat.

No abstract