Background Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with significant difficulties in daily functioning, and these difficulties have been associated with impaired executive functions (EEFF). However, specific cognitive and socio-emotional executive deficits have not been fully established. Objective The present study has several objectives. First, we aimed to examine the specific deficits in cognitive and socio-emotional EEFF in a group of patients with schizophrenia with a predominance of positive symptoms, as well as to determine if these patients present clinically significant scores in any of the three fronto-subcortical behavioral syndromes: Dorsolateral, Orbitofrontal, or Anterior Cingulate. Method The sample consisted of 54 patients, 27 with a predominance of positive symptoms, and 27 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and education. The two groups completed four cognitive and three socio-emotional EEFF tasks. In the group of patients, positive symptoms were evaluated using the scale for the Evaluation of Positive Symptoms (SANS), while the behavioral alterations associated with the three fronto-subcortical syndromes were evaluated using the Frontal System Behavior Scale (FrSBe). Results The patients, in comparison with a control group, presented specific deficits in cognitive and socio-emotional EEFF. In addition, a high percentage of patients presented clinically significant scores on the three fronto-subcortical syndromes. Conclusion The affectation that these patients present, in terms of both cognitive and emotional components, highlights the importance of developing a neuropsychological EEFF intervention that promotes the recovery of the affected cognitive capacities and improves the social and emotional functioning of the affected patients.
Los pacientes que sufren cualquier tipo de esquizofrenia presentan alteraciones importantes en sus funciones mentales superiores así como dificultades conductuales y sociales significativas.Desde distintos enfoques teóricos se ha intentado analizar dichas dificultades a la vez que encontrar la manera de orientar el abordaje terapéutico de estos pacientes.En este trabajo hemos repasado las aportaciones que, desde distintos modelos teó-ricos del ámbito de la Psicología, han supuesto un avance en las posibilidades terapéuticas de los sujetos afectos de esquizofrenia y, por tanto, una mejoría en su calidad de vida y en su integración social., siendo especialmente importante la exitencia de planes terapéuticos integradores como por ejemplo el modelo propuesto por Roder, Brenner, Hodel y Kienzle, (1996).Palabras clave: Esquizofrenia, tratamiento psicológico. Approach of psycbological treatment of schizophreniaTPatients with schizophrenia have some important failures in their superior mental functions and significative behavioral and social difficulties.Those difficulties have been analyzed from several theoretical frames. At the same time, therapeutic posibilities for these patients have been taken into account in order to find them out.In this work we have revised the detections that, from differents psycbological theories, have become an advance in the treatment alternatives for persons who suffer from schizophrenia and, so, an improvement in their lives and social integration. We have wranted to show the importance of an integral model like it has been proposed by Roder, Brenner, Hodel and Kienzle, 1996.
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