Antifragile philosophy can be the key to improving the management of organizations that base their activity on research and development (R&D) projects. These are types of projects with the greatest uncertainty in all aspects, and the application of antifragile philosophy can result in streamlining their management and development. In this article, the Q methodology is used to investigate whether organizations in R&D environments have antifragile characteristics. To this end, 15 innovation experts from research institutes located in Northern Spain were interviewed about their position regarding project management behaviors that are related to antifragile philosophy. As a result, it was verified that the characteristics of an ideal system of a research institute with antifragile philosophy are multidisciplinary and autonomous teams with a capacity for rapid response and adaptation to the environment.
Corrosion behaviour of 2024-T6 castings produced by sand mould and metallic mould has been studied in media with different sodium chloride concentrations and pH values, using electrochemical techniques and scanning electron microscope. Corrosion rates and anodic and cathodic reaction kinetics are detailed to provide a fundamental understanding of the electrochemical behaviour of 2024-T6 at different conditions. The study shows a different corrosion mechanism depending on the pH. At pH 12, the more negative values of E corr confirmed that the alkalinisation of aluminium incites the dissolution of the Al substrate. The effect of chloride concentration is reflected in shifts of E corr towards more negative values. The research on the effect of the used mould demonstrates that the impact of the casting process in the cooling rate affects the pitting corrosion resistance.
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