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The rise of radical right populist parties in Europe has made it essential for students of political science to understand this amalgam of populism and nationalism.Textbook examples of new actors on the political scene are characterized by a strong populist discourse and a significant nationalist/nativist ideology. The Nationalist Action Party of Turkey ranks high in the list of populist actors (Inglehart & Norris, 2016), and we demonstrate the divergent and convergent points in the populism-nationalism axis, with an emphasis on the rhetoric of Devlet Bahçeli, the leader of the Nationalist Action Party. ÖzAvrupa'da radikal sağ populist partilerin yükselişi, siyaset bilimi çalışanların milliyetçilik ve popülizm arasındaki bu kaynaşmanın nedenlerini tartışmaya itti. Popülizm konusundaki çalışmaların tipik örnekleri olan partilerin kuvvetli bir populist söylemin yanısıra milliyetçi/etnikçi ideolojilere de sahip olmaları çok defa vurgulandı. Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi (MHP) Inglehart ve Norris (2016) gibi karşılaştırmalı çalışma yapanlar tarafından oluşturulan listelerde en üst sıralarda gösterilmektedir. Bu yazıda MHP lideri Devlet Bahçeli'nin konuşmalarındaki söyleme odaklanarak popülizm-milliyetçilik ekseninde ortak ve farklı noktaları göstermeyi amaçlıyoruz.

Lymphopenia, T cell subgroup changes, and cytokine level differences are important in the early diagnosis and treatment of Covid‐19 cases and similar pandemics. We aimed to investigate the T cell, monocyte subgroups, and cytokine differences according to disease severity. A total of 46 volunteers were included in the study. According to disease status, there were three groups (control, mild, and severe). The age, gender, smoking status, temperature, heart rate and oxygen saturation, complete blood count, C‐reactive protein (CRP) was noted, and flow cytometric analyses were performed for T cell and monocyte subgroups, and cytokine levels. Temperature, heart rate, SPO2, white blood cell (WBC), lympocyte count, trombocyte count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, D‐dimer and CRP levels, lymphocyte %, lymphocyte/monocyte rate, monocyte subtypes (%), CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ cell counts, interleukin (IL)‐1β, TNF‐alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐18, IL‐23 were significantly different between groups. CRP, IL‐8, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, NK cells (%) have positive correlation and negative correlation was observed at lymphocyte (count), lymphocyte (%), lymphocyte/monocyte, classical monocyte (%), lymphocyte (count), CD3+ (count), CD4+ (count). As conclusion, lymphocyte (%), Lymphocyte (count), CRP levels, CD3+ and CD4+ cell counts strongly correlate with disease severity are valuable parameters for determining the prognoses of Covid‐19.

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