This study aimed to investigate the association of the anthropometric, clinical variables and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) with diabetes-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in youths with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to find the predictors of HRQoL and blood glucose control. A total of 239 youths with diabetes (124 boys and 115 girls) were recruited from diabetes-based summer camps. HRQoL assessment was carried out with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ 3.0 Diabetes Module (Information Resources Centre, Mapi Research Trust, France); VO2max was evaluated by conducting the 20-m shuttle run test. Higher VO2max and the insulin pump therapy were significant predictors of the HRQoL in the multiple regression analysis; other clinical and anthropometric variables had no effect. The better blood glucose control was explained only by the higher VO 2max . The good cardiorespiratory fitness (expressed by VO 2max ) has clinical and QoL benefits for paediatric patients with T1DM.

Hypospadias is the most common congenital malformation of the male external genitalia. After the heart and circulatory system, it is the second most common developmental disorder in males. It is due to a midline fusion defect of the male urethra, which results in a misplaced urethral meatus. Hypospadias may be distal, medial and proximal. It may occur as an isolated defect or it may develop together with other genital disorders (retention of testes in one or both sides, microphallus, bifid scrotum) or with malformation of other organs. In some cases syndromic forms may also occur. Genetic factors play a crucial role in the occurrence of early developmental defect, but endocrine and environmental factors may also be important in the aetiology of hypospadias. It may be associated with various sex and autosomal chromosomal abnormalities. Monogenic and chromosomal causes of hypospadias accounts for about in 30% of all cases, while genetic factors remain unknown in 70% of cases. The authors summarize the development of the male external genitalia, the prevalence and possible causes of hypospadias. They propose that better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease may contribute to the prevention and decreased prevalence of the disease.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the general health-related quality of life (HRQoL), the metabolic control (HbA 1c ), the anthropometric measurement, and the cardiorespiratory fitness (expressed by VO 2max ) in youths with type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) to those receiving multiple daily injections (MDI). We looked for factors influencing the HRQoL and metabolic control. Methods: A total of 239 patients treated with CSII (51 girls and 53 boys) or MDI (64 girls and 71 boys) between ages 8 and 18 years were assessed with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Generic Core Scales, and Diabetes Module. VO2max was evaluated using the 20-meter shuttle run test. Results: CSII group had significantly better HRQoL according to both child self-report and parent proxy-report. Youths with CSII reported better physical, emotional, and school-related functioning, and had less diabetes-related fear and symptoms than the MDI group. There were no significant differences in body mass index z-scores, insulin doses, HbA 1c , and VO 2max between the groups. HRQoL was predicted by the CSII therapy (β =−0.220; p < .001) and the VO 2max (β = 0.386; p < .001), other clinical and anthropometric parameters had no effect; the HbA1c was predicted only by VO2max (β =−0.353; p < .001). Conclusions: Diabetic youths treated with CSII therapy have better HRQoL than those treated with MDI. There are no differences between the investigated groups in anthropometric data, glycated hemoglobin, and physical fitness. Moreover, good physical fitness has an important role in achieving better metabolic control and HRQoL, which underlines the importance of regular aerobic exercise in the treatment and care of type 1 diabetes in childhood.

Objective: to explore the relationship among health-related quality of life (HRQoL), clinical variables, anthropometric measures, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, we aimed to find predictors of HRQoL and metabolic control. Methods: A total of 106 patients (sex ratio: 1:1) with mean HbA1c of 8.55 (± 1.44) % and diabetes duration of 5.15 (± 3.24) years were assessed. The average age was 13.22 (± 3.08) years. Results: We observed statistically significant negative medium correlation between HbA 1c and VO 2max (r = -0.343; p < 0.001). There was statistically significant small positive correlation between the HRQoL and the maximal oxygen consumption (r = 0.208; p = 0.032). We found no significant correlation between the HbA 1c and the patients' HRQoL. In the multiple linear regression analysis both the better metabolic control and the HRQoL was predicted by the VO 2max , other variables had no effect. Physical activity level did not explain the HRQoL. Boys had significantly better HRQoL and less skinfold thickness than girls. Conclusion: Better cardiorespiratory fitness associated with both favourable metabolic control and better HRQoL of diabetic youths. Regular aerobic exercise improves the young patients' physical fitness and overall health status, and perception of health-related quality of life, respectively.

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Objective This quantitative correlational design study aimed to examine the variation in adolescent health and lifestyle characteristics across self-reported physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) levels. Methods Data were collected from 422 students (50.2% males) (16.33 SD = 1.66 y/o) attending a high school. An online questionnaire was used to gather data on the following characteristics: self-reported well-being, overall life satisfaction, depression (including self-harm and suicidal ideation), perceived health status, eating disorders, sleepiness, substance use (alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use), body mass index, PA participation and PF levels. Results Of the participants, 42.4% reported at least 5 days of PA a week for 60 min per day. These high active individuals had significantly better well-being, health status, life satisfaction, PF and consumed fewer alcohol beverages. High PA and better PF inversely correlated with depression. Conclusions It seems that high PA and better PF have a positive impact on adolescent perceived health, health-risk behaviors and mental health. Increased levels of PA can play a vital role in the primary care, prevention of health risks and in adolescent health promotion. Accordingly, educational institutions are an excellent setting to promote and provide sport facilities and encourage students to be more physically active.

AbstractObjectiveIn this international study, the prevalence of Eating disorders (EDs) was determined among university students and identified associated demographic and behavioral factors predicting disorders using data from three European countries.MethodsThe survey was conducted in Hungary, Poland, and Ukraine in 2018. Registered full-time students completed an online anonymous questionnaire. Students provided data about socioeconomic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), EDs, physical fitness and sport practice, psychological distress (stress, anxiety, depression), life orientation, alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software.ResultsFrom the 1965 returned questionnaires 1950 were analyzed, because of the missing data (67.3% female, mean age of the total participant’s 21.40 ± 3.83 years old). EDs were observed in 26.3% of students. In logistic regression, EDs were predicted by female sex, higher BMI, single marital status, elevated psychological distress and limited access to health care.ConclusionEDs are relatively common in university students especially in females. Students with higher distress and BMI, limited access to health care and living without partner are at risk for EDs. This result highlights the need for a public health approach. Universities are the last chance where students can be screened in an organized setting and offer interventions early when treatment is likely to be most effective.

Bevezetés: Az elhízás társadalmi problémát jelent világszerte, amely elvezet több betegséghez, beleértve a metabolikus szindrómát, hypertoniát és a cardiovascularis betegségeket. Ismert tény, hogy a hyperurikaemia felnőttkorban össze-kapcsolódhat e betegségekkel. Célkitűzés: A metabolikus szindróma és a hyperurikaemia gyakoriságának és ezek összefüggésének vizsgálata elhízott serdülők körében. Módszer: A szerzők keresztmetszeti tanulmányukban 162 (100 fi ú, 62 lány) túlsúlyos vagy elhízott serdülő adatait elemezték, akiket korábban a gyermekgyógyászati endokrinoló-giakonzultáción kivizsgáltak. Antropológiai és metabolikus paramétereket értékeltek valamennyi személynél. Kontrollként egészséges, azonos életkorú, nem elhízott 20 leány és 26 fi ú adatait használták. A betegek életkora fi úknál 12±2,1 év, lányoknál 11±2,5 év, a kontrollfi úk életkora 12,9±2,5 év, a lány kontrollcsoport életkora 13,2±1,6 év volt. A szerzők lineáris regressziót alkalmaztak a húgysavszint és a metabolikus szindróma egyes klinikai és laboratóriumi eredményei közötti összefüggések vizsgálatára. Eredmények: Az elhízott személyeknél nagyobb volt a BMI-SDS ( fi úknál 3,4±1,3 vs. 0,05±0,4, p<0,0001; lányoknál 3,75±1,4 vs. 0,72±0,9, p = 0,0001), a derékbőség (fi úknál 90,1±9,2 vs. 82,3±6,4 cm; lányoknál 90,2±8,6 vs. 78,1±7,2 cm, p<0,001), a szisztolés vérnyomás (fi úknál 125±14,3 vs. 118,2±10,8 Hgmm, p = 0,02; lányoknál 125,8±11,8 vs. 119,8±8,8 Hgmm, p<0,01), a diasztolés vérnyomás ( fi úknál 78,4±9,1 vs. 71,2±8,0 Hgmm, p = 0,0003; lányoknál: 76,45±7,2 vs. 73,2±6,3 Hgmm, p = 0,0453), mint a kontrolloknál. A metabolikus szindróma prevalenciája 45/162 (27,8%), a hyperurikaemia prevalenciája 62/162 (38,3%) volt. A metabolikus szindrómás betegek között 30 esetben (66,7%-ban) igazoltak hyperurikaemiát. Követ-keztetések: Megállapították, hogy a hyperurikaemia szoros összefüggésben van a metabolikus szindrómával. A húgysav magas koncentrációja előre jelzi a cardiovascularis kockázatot felnőttkorban. Fontos a gyermekgyógyászok számára, hogy meghatározzák és értékeljék a húgysavszinteket a túlsúlyos és elhízott gyermekeknél. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(22), 888-895. Kulcsszavak: elhízás, metabolikus szindróma, inzulinrezisztencia, hyperurikaemia Metabolic complications of obesity during adolescence, in particular to elevated uric acid levelsIntroduction: Obesity is a social problem worldwide that leads to several diseases, including metabolic syndrome, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. It is known that hyperuricemia in adults may be associated with these disorders. Aim: The aim of the authors was to investigate the frequency of metabolic syndrome and hyperuricemia and their relationship among obese adolescents. Method: This was a cross-sectional study. The authors analysed the data of 162 overweight or obese adolescents (100 boys and 62 girls) who were previously investigated in a paediatric endocrinology consultation. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were evaluated in all subjects. Healthy, agematched, non obese girls (n = 20) and boys (n = ...