Most of today's software development projects depend on the usage of existing solutions to save time and development cost. We target in this research work the design of a software capability profile that provides a broader view of an organization's internal and external software, along with an exploitation model in line with requirements engineering and enterprise architecture to fill the gap between the goals of the stakeholders and what can be delivered as a practical solution. For this purpose, we define a Framework that offers a qualification that helps to gather the initial requirements that guided the development of existing software. This qualification is based on a proposed Enterprise Architecture Capability Profile and its associated ontology covering business, operational and technical aspects for serviceoriented software. Furthermore, an exploitation methodology is proposed and based on the alignment of requirements engineering with software architecting actions that evolve together, to investigate the highest compatibility of the desired functionalities. Our contribution aims to improve the reuse of existing services, by upgrading these technical components to the level of end-user's requirements for accelerating future business application development. An implementation and a case study are proposed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
In this paper, we report on the outputs and adoption of the Agrisemantics Working Group of the Research Data Alliance (RDA), consisting of a set of recommendations to facilitate the adoption of semantic technologies and methods for the purpose of data interoperability in the field of agriculture and nutrition. From 2016 to 2019, the group gathered researchers and practitioners at the crossing point between information technology and agricultural science, to study all aspects in the life cycle of semantic resources: conceptualization, edition, sharing, standardization, services, alignment, long term support. First, the working group realized a landscape study, a study of the uses of semantics in agrifood, then collected use cases for the exploitation of semantics resources -a generic term to encompass vocabularies, terminologies, thesauri, ontologies. The resulting requirements were synthesized into 39 "hints" for users and developers of semantic resources, and providers of semantic resource services. We believe adopting these recommendations will engage agrifood sciences in a necessary transition to leverage data production, sharing and reuse and the adoption of the FAIR data principles. The paper includes examples of adoption of those requirements, and a discussion of their contribution to the field of data science.
In open science, the expression "FAIRness assessment" refers to evaluating to which degree a digital object is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. Standard vocabularies or ontologies are a key element to achieving a high level of FAIRness (FAIR Principle I2) but as with any other data, ontologies have themselves to be FAIR. Despite the recent interest in the open science and semantic Web communities for this question, we have not seen yet a quantitative evaluation method to assess and score the level of FAIRness of ontologies or semantic resources in general (e.g., vocabularies, terminologies, thesaurus). The main objective of this work is to provide such a method to guide semantic stakeholders in making their semantic resources FAIR. We present an integrated quantitative assessment grid for semantic resources and propose candidate metadata properties -taken from the MOD ontology metadata model-to be used to make a semantic resource FAIR. Aligned and nourished with relevant FAIRness assessment state-of-the-art initiatives, our grid distributes 478 credits to the 15 FAIR principles in a manner which integrates existing generic approaches for digital objects (i.e., FDMM, SHARC) and approaches dedicated to semantic resources (i.e., 5-stars V, MIRO, FAIRsFAIR, Poveda et al.). The credits of the grid can then be used for implementing FAIRness assessment methods and tools.
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