This study seeks to evaluate the relevance of feasibility analysis on business survival in Cross River State Southern Senatorial district. The survey research design was adopted for this study. A population of 82 entrepreneur/owners of sachet water manufacturing companies spread across the seven local government areas of Cross River State Southern Senatorial district was used. The variables used for this study were economic analysis, staff/ personnel as well as demand and market analysis. The study found that economic analysis of feasibility enhances business survival and is statistically significant. Also, Staff/ personnel analysis of feasibility enhances business survival and is statistically significant. And as well, market and demand analysis improves business survival and is statistically significant. It was recommended that business entrepreneurs in Cross River State Southern Senatorial district should effectively carry out an economic analysis of feasibility to maximize the available resources within its disposal, hence avoiding liquidation and as well proper workforce planning should be taken into account before the takeoff of any business operation for appropriate manpower hiring.

This paper presents a critique of the bureaucratic theory: The Nigerian Civil Service experience. The descriptive research approach was adopted for the study and the questionnaire instrument was used in data collection. Descriptive statistic was used in data analysis while multiple regression analysis was used in the test of hypotheses. It was discovered that hierarchical arrangement of staff significantly influence the Nigerian Civil Service and led to delays in decision making in the civil service. Further findings revealed that management by formal rule does not influences the Nigerian Civil Service. However, too many rules hinders employee's ability in response to turbulent environment. This situation make workers fixated and the bureaucratic nature of the civil service hardly creates room for change, hence high resistance to change. It was recommended that thorough and coherent reforms which will enshrine adequate institutionalization of Weberian ideal tenets of bureaucracy should be carried out in the civil service and attempt should be made to adopt the flat structure rather than the pinnacle hierarchical arrangement in order to enhance decision making and communication flow in the civil service.

PurposeThe bedrock of growth in education is at the primary/basic education level, hence there is need to ensure that the populace not only enrolls but complete their education as well as maintain gender balancing. Financial inclusion is essential in achieving financial development which if properly tailored should result in economic growth and development. Education is an important development parameter, therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess if financial inclusiveness enhances primary school enrolment, completion and gender balancing.Design/methodology/approachIn order to ascertain if financial inclusion (financial penetration, access and usage) enhances primary school education (primary school enrolment and completion) and gender balancing (primary school female-to-male ratio), the study employed the vector error correction modeling (VECM) to capture both short- and long-run dynamics of cointegration equations and also, ascertain how the long-run deviations are deemed corrected in the short run.FindingsThe findings of financial inclusion showed a significant positive effect on primary school enrollment but regarding primary school completion rate and female-to-male ratio, the responses to financial inclusion measures showed a completely negative effect. From the foregoing, it is not just sufficient to enroll school children but that they complete their basic primary education, and equally ensure that the males are not favored over the females so as to achieve gender balance literacy in the country.Originality/valueThe study focuses on how financial inclusion engenders admission, graduation and gender balancing in primary school education as the bedrock to formal education in Nigeria.

The aim of the study is to examine the effect of tourism management as a panacea for sustainability of hospitality industry in Nigeria. The study applied a quantitative method involving a survey design. A questionnaire measurement instrument was constructed and deployed on a sample of 455 respondents in the hotels, packs, tourism destinations and attraction sites included in the study. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to validate the constructs in the measurement instrument. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to estimate structural relationship between tourism management dimensions and sustainability of hospitality industry. The analysis was aided by AMOS software version 23. The results showed that destinations management, management of attraction sites, management of tourist transportation system, management of tourism intermediaries and management of security system has significant positive effect on the sustainability of hospitality industry. Therefore, the study concluded that effective tourism management and adoption of workable strategies is vital for the development and growth of the tourism sector and significant towards enhancing the tourism ecosystem and sustainability of hospitality industry.

The study evaluates crafts industry life cycle strategies and entrepreneurial development in Ikot Ekpene Senatorial District of Akwa Ibom State. The survey research design was adopted and a sample size of 265 was determine for the study using the Taro Yamane formula. A total of 265 copies of questionnaire was administered on the sample craft producers in the ten LGAs that make up Ikot Ekpene Senatorial District of Akwa Ibom State.250 copies of the questionnaire was return and use for the study. Descriptive statistic was use for data analysis while multiple regression was used in test of hypotheses. It was discovered that industry life cycle analysis enables craft producers to identify the stages of their business development in the industry in order to take steps towards gaining market share and remain competitive. Other findings revealed that the adoption of strategies such as entry strategy, market penetration, cost leadership and diversification strategies at the various phases of the craft industry life cycle enhance development, growth and sustainability of craft businesses. It was therefore recommended that entrepreneurs, particularly craft producers should adopt strategies such as entry strategy, market penetration, cost leadership and diversification strategies at the different stages of the industry life cycle in order to enhance growth, profitability and sustainability of their business. Also, Akwa Ibom State government should provide access to funds and as well build entrepreneurship development centres in Ikot Ekpene Senatorial District in order to enhance the skills and knowledge of entrepreneurs particularly craft producers to enable them navigate their businesses in the different phases of the industry life cycle.