La politique agricole et ses rapports avec ia Stabilization in Central America. Eugenio Diazpolitique alimentaire en Afrique subsaharienne. Bonilla. (Also in Spanish) Sakwa Bunyasi. EDI Catalog no. 070/001. 23S Los Programas de Ajuste Estructural y la 4 Development Policy Analysis. David G. Estabilizaci6n Econ6mica en Centro America. Davies. EDI Catalog no. 420/043. Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla 5 Management Training and Research for African 24 The Theory and Practice of Agricultural Policy. Development. J. Price Gittinger. EDI Catalog Teresa Curran. no. 430/008. nF La formatio n et08 la recherche er gestion pour le25 The Restructuring of Financial Systems in Latin 5F La formation et la recherche en gestion pour le
The central message of this paper is that natural forests have multiple uses and multiple users. The paper describes the crisis in Asian forestry and four failures which lie behind the crisis. The first failure is related to economic policy which has consistently underpriced timber, not accounting for the true cost of replacing the felled trees or the value of non‐timber goods and services (including environmental services). The second failure stems from the lack of community involvement in managing forests. The third failure is that of forestry institutions which have not been able to adapt to changes required to meet new challenges — away from timber extraction towards environmental services and social forestry. The fourth failure arises from technological constraints, including difficulties in carrying out long‐term research (to cover the 20–40 year time horizon in the forestry sector) and ineffective application of research results. A number of specific suggestions for moving toward sustained yield management in Asia are presented. The sustainable management of forests in Asia is crucial not only for indigenous peoples, the environment and economies of the countries of Asia, but also for the biodiversity and health of the global environment.
Profound changes have taken place, worldwide, during the last decade. These political, economic, and institutional changes have contributed to redefine the role of the state in all sectors, including natural resources. This article discusses traditional shortcomings of forest departments and new challenges they face arising from the changes in national policies and global concerns. Worldwide trends, such as civil service reforms, decentralization of government, increased local community involvement in resource management, and divestiture of state‐owned enterprises impact the forestry sector, already faced with shrinking forest areas, decreased revenues, and government downsizing. To survive, forest departments need to form strategic partnerships with other stakeholders, get out of forest activities where they do not have a comparative advantage, and focus on core functions that governments do best. Examples are given from countries in Asia and the Pacific. Two country case studies are presented discussing Nepal's experience with Forest User Groups and New Zealand's experience with privatization of forestry.
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