Dormancy is exhibited in many seed producing plants. It could be endogenous or exogenous, depending on the plant and the type of seed the plant produce. A survival strategy, plant use to conserve their genetic materials during unfavourable conditions. Scarification treatments has been used in this work to break the dormancy of Anacardium occidentale, Annona muricata, Jatropha curcas, Tamarindus indica and Artocarpus heterophyllus using 65% Nitric acid (HNO 3 ), 65% Sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), 0.5% Potassium tetraoxosulphate(VI) (K 2 SO 4 ), 0.5% Urea (CH 4 N 2 O), 43% Ethanol (C 2 H 6 O) and Distilled water. Nitric acid (65% HNO 3 ) produced the best result for Anacardium occidentale with high numbers of seedlings and a germination period of 15 days. Jatropha curcas did not produce a favourable result from the treatments. Tamarindus indica, water treatment produced the best result with six days of germination shorter than the controlled value (16 days). Nitric acid (65% HNO 3 ) and water favor Annona muricata with germination period of 19 days as against 24 days for control experiment. Water and Potassium sulphate are the best treatments for Artocarpus heterophyllus as they produce viable seedlings with short germination period of 14 and 15 days which give a good result better than the 18 days of the control experiment.
Background: The phytoconstituents of herbal drugs are largely influenced by the quality control system used during and post-production processes including the handling of such products. Thin Layer Chromatography is one of such quality control parameters that demonstrate uniqueness and uniformity between various substances, serving as an identity for such substances. Pax Herbal Health tea (PHT) and Pax Herbal Diatea (PDT) are polyherbal drugs, PHT is used as a tonic for general wellness, while, PDT is used in the management and treatment of diabetes. This study evaluated the different phytoconstituents present and developed Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) fingerprint profiles for PHT and PDT to serve as quality control checks during the production for consistency and market uniqueness after production.Material and Methods: Qualitative phytochemical and chromatographic analyses were carried out using standard methods.Results: The phyto-screening revealed the presence of Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Tanin, Terpenoids, Reducing sugar, Steroid, and Cardiac glycoside in PHT while, Saponin, Tanin, Steroids, Reducing sugar, Flavonoid, and Terpenoids were observed in PDT. The TLC finger-print chromatograms of PHT after development with n-Hexane:Ethyl acetate (3:2) showed four distinct components under ultraviolet light at 365 nm, and three spots when sprayed with 20% methanolic sulphuric under visible light, while, PDT developed in n-Hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol (2.5:2:0.5) revealed three fluorescent components at 365 nm and four components after sulphuric acid treatment.Conclusion: From this present study, identity cards have been designed for PHT and PDT through bioactive composition and TLC profiles which can be used in accessing the quality and consistency of the herbal drugs. Â
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