The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of and risk factors for physical violence, verbal violence, and mobbing experienced by nurses in a university hospital. Materials and methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Gazi University Medical Faculty Hospital. A questionnaire form recommended by the WHO and the International Labor Organization was administered through face-to-face interviews to determine the violence experienced in the past 12 months by nurses. Results:The prevalence of physical violence, verbal violence, and mobbing was 13.9%, 41.8%, and 17.1%, respectively. Working more than 40 h per week increased the risk of physical violence by 1.86 times. The majority of nurses who experienced verbal violence and mobbing were significantly more willing to change their work, their institution, and their profession if given the opportunity. Fewer than one-fourth of the victims indicated they reported any incident. Conclusion:We knew that the prevalence of physical violence, verbal violence, and mobbing were high among nurses and that incidents were underreported, and the study corroborated this information. What this study adds to the topic is that long working hours increased the prevalence of physical violence and was defined as an important contributory factor.

This study was conducted retrospectively with patients who had been hospitalized in various clinics of Gazi University Hospital from January 2008 to April 2012. During this period, patients were included if they were diagnosed as having a cUTI due to ESBLproducing E. coli and Klebsiella spp. The patients were separated into two groups according to whether they received ertapenem or piperacillin-tazobactam treatment.The patients' data were obtained from their files and laboratory records. Data from patients who grew ≥10 5 colony forming units (cfu) of ESBL-positive E. coli and Klebsiella spp. in baseline urine cultures and were treated for cUTIs were analyzed retrospectively for cUTI risk factors. The presence of functional and anatomical defects, an indwelling catheter, immunosuppression, recurrent Background/aim: In this retrospective study, the efficacy of ertapenem and piperacillin tazobactam was compared in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs). Treatment responses were also evaluated for both antibiotics.Materials and methods: A total of 230 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 170 received ertapenem and 60 received piperacillintazobactam.Results: In both groups, urine cultures after 48 h were negative for the initial uropathogen. The frequency of superinfection was 29.4% in the ertapenem group and 8.3% in the piperacillin-tazobactam group over the duration of treatment (P < 0.05). Urinary catheterization increased the superinfection risk 2.88-fold in the ertapenem group and diabetes mellitus increased the risk 8.50-fold in the piperacillintazobactam group (CI: 1.44-5.76 and 1.16-62.09, respectively, P < 0.05). The main pathogen isolated from superinfection in the ertapenem group after 48 h was Enterococcus spp. (71.4%). Conclusion:Both ertapenem and piperacillin-tazobactam were effective in the treatment of cUTIs caused by ESBL-producing microorganisms. A high frequency of superinfection in the ertapenem group was the result of Enterococcus and Pseudomonas spp., against which ertapenem is not active. In the presence of urinary catheterization, diabetes mellitus, and urological intervention, patients should be closely monitored for the development of a superinfection, especially patients receiving ertapenem.

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