Four dogs were evaluated for chronic pelvic limb lameness. Radiographs revealed distal femoral malunion with caudo‐proximal displacement, resulting in impingement of the quadriceps from the distal aspect of the proximal femoral segment. All dogs presented with femoral shortening and increased femoral procurvatum when compared with the normal contralateral femur. There was minimal angular or rotational misalignment. Treatment consisted of ostectomy of the fracture segment that was causing quadriceps impingement, with debridement of proliferative fracture callus proximal to the trochlear groove in all dogs. No attempt was made to address sagittal plane deformities. Long‐term orthopaedic examination with objective gait analysis in three dogs revealed minimal to no lameness in two and mild residual lameness in one dog. Long‐term radiographic analysis revealed fracture‐site remodelling with an increase in femoral length and a return of near‐normal femoral procurvatum in all dogs. Owner‐assessed long‐term outcome was excellent in all dogs.
This report details a cat with a duodenal duplication cyst in the region of the right distal pancreas. The cat presented with vomiting, anorexia, pancreatitis and a palpable abdominal mass that was visible on abdominal ultrasound as a thick-rimmed, cavitated structure with echogenic contents. As such, an initial clinical diagnosis of pancreatic abscess or cyst was suspected. After an exploratory coeliotomy to assess the lesion, a definitive diagnosis of duodenal duplication cyst was determined based on the histopathological findings of a wall with features of the intestinal tract and no communication with the intestinal lumen. The clinical signs, physical examination findings and advanced imaging characteristics of pancreatic abscess and duodenal duplication cyst are discussed in this report to aid clinicians with differentiating between these two rare lesions.
A 7 yr old female spayed mixed-breed dog was presented for a 1 wk history of neck pain and pelvic limb weakness. Examination revealed nonambulatory paraparesis and thoracolumbar hyperesthesia. MRI revealed extensive intramedullary T2-weighted/short tau inversion recovery hyperintensity and diffuse severe T1-post contrast meningeal enhancement of the thoracolumbar spinal cord. An L5-L6 cerebrospinal fluid sample revealed a suppurative pleocytosis (81% neutrophils, total protein 4362.5 mg/dL and nucleated cell count 352,000/μL). While awaiting the results of infectious disease testing, the dog was treated for suspected meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology with corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and a cytarabine arabinoside infusion. The dog neurologically declined and was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics. The dog continued to decline despite antibiotics, and infectious disease titers subsequently revealed serum antibody positivity for blastomycosis. The dog was then referred to a multispecialty referral hospital and was treated with amphotericin B followed by fluconazole. Prednisone was continued at anti-inflammatory doses. Urine blastomycosis antigen testing was submitted for subsequent disease monitoring but was negative. Five months after presentation the dog was clinically doing well with no identifiable neurologic deficits. This case demonstrates that neurologic blastomycosis may have negative urine antigen concentrations in some dogs and that other diagnostic modalities should be pursued when central nervous system fungal disease is suspected.
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