This study examined the frequency of cellphone distraction during face-to-face encounters, comparing rates in men and women. It also assessed whether people report that expression of empathy suffers as a result of cellphone use. Individual differences in annoyance associated with others' attending to their mobile devices were also evaluated. Nearly a third of the young adults surveyed (30%) reported routinely being ignored by their significant other due to mobile device use; only 9% of respondents reported having never been ignored. Roughly half stated that female friends routinely ignore them; nearly as many male friends reportedly did the same. Nearly half (44%) of the respondents reported being bothered by this. About a third of participants admitted that they themselves routinely ignore others during face-to-face encounters due to cellphone use. Personality differences appeared to mediate reactions to cellphone relationship disruption. As expected, perspectivetaking was associated with less ignoring of others. Self-esteem seemed to affect perceptions of others' distraction; those higher in self-esteem perceived less interference. Both low self-esteem and depression were associated with greater belief that mobile devices interfere with empathy and greater irritation with others' cellphone use.
This paper describes the accepted entries to the sixth PlayableExperiences track to be held at the AIIDE conference.The Playable Experiences track showcases innovative completeworks that are informed, inspired, or otherwise enabledby artificial intelligence.
The blackfin tuna, Thunnus atlanticus, is a small tropical tuna exploited by recreational and commercial fisheries in various parts of its range. Information on stock structure is needed to develop management plans for this species but is currently lacking. In this work, 470 blackfin tuna from nine geographic populations were assayed at 13 homologous microsatellite markers to provide a first assessment of stock structure across the species range. The overall divergence among locality samples was very low (overall FST = 0.0004) indicating high connectivity of blackfin tuna across their range. No clear grouping of localities in differentiated units was inferred but structuring followed a weak isolation by distance pattern (r = 0.16, P = 0.032). Pairwise exact tests and spatial analysis of molecular variance suggested divergence of the sample collected offshore Baía Formosa (Brazil) possibly reflecting reproductive isolation of Brazilian populations from those in the Caribbean region and further north. Further study of the status of Brazilian populations and the transition between this region and the Caribbean is warranted. Cryptic subdivision within the Northern Hemisphere part of the range is possible and should be evaluated using increased marker density and a more comprehensive geographic coverage.
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