The feeding tube of Hybomitra difficilis is made up of a short distal vestibule followed by a food canal that leads to the cibarium; the two regions demarcated by the vestibule/food canal junction. Two pairs of sensilla were consistently observed in the vestibular walls, the first pair of basiconic design in the mid-vestibular region, and the latter pair of setiform design at the base of the vestibule. Food canal sensilla, which varied from 45 to 73 (n = 20; mean = 50.15; ± 1 SD= 10.02), were aggregated in the distal and distal median regions of the food canal, with relatively few sensilla observed in the proximal food canal region. This aggregation was significant (X2 = 261.05; P < 0.0001), leading to rejection of the null hypothesis that sensilla were evenly distributed throughout the length of the food canal. Food canal sensilla were of the setiform or trichite type, with the exception of a single basiconic sensillum in each wall of the food canal of every fly examined. All but one basiconic sensilla were located in the distal-most region of the food canal. While basiconic sensilla varied in position (i.e., distance) from the vestibule/food canal junction, they were significantly aggregated (X 2 = 12.38; P < 0.0062) in the two median sections of the distal canal region, thus leading to the rejection of Ho that basiconic sensilla were evenly distributed in subdivisions (i.e., sections) of the distal food canal region.
The feeding tube of Hybomitra difficilis is made up of a short distal vestibule followed by a food canal that leads to the cibarium; the two regions demarcated by the vestibule/food canal junction. Two pairs of sensilla were consistently observed in the vestibular walls, the first pair of basiconic design in the mid-vestibular region, and the latter pair of setiform design at the base of the vestibule. Numbers of setiform sensilla in the food canal varied from 31 to 69 (mean = 48.15; ± 1 SD = 10.02), and were aggregated in the distal and distal median regions of the food canal. This aggregation was significant (X 2 = 241.49; P < 0.0001), leading to rejection of the null hypothesis that setiform sensilla were evenly distributed throughout the length of the food canal.Two basiconic sensilla were observed in the food canal of every fly examined. While basiconic sensilla varied in position (i.e., distance) from the vestibule/food canal junction, they were significantly aggregated (X 2 = 14.42; P < 0.0024) in the two median sections of the distal canal region, thus leading to the rejection of Ho that basiconic sensilla were evenly distributed in subdivisions (i.e., sections) of the distal canal region.
The feeding tube of Hybomitra difficilis is made up of a short distal vestibule followed by a food canal that leads to the cibarium; the two regions demarcated by the vestibule/food canal junction. Two pairs of sensilla were consistently observed in the vestibular walls, the first pair of basiconic design in the mid-vestibular region, and the latter pair of setiform design at the base of the vestibule. Food canal sensilla, which varied from 45 to 73 (n = 20; mean = 50.15; ± 1 SD = 10.02), were aggregated in the distal and distal median regions of the food canal, with relatively few sensilla observed in the proximal food canal region. This aggregation was significant (X 2 = 261.05; P < 0.0001), leading to rejection of the null hypothesis that sensilla were evenly distributed throughout the length of the food canal. Food canal sensilla were of the setiform or trichite type, with the exception of a single basiconic sensillum in each wall of the food canal of every fly examined. All but one basiconic sensilla were located in the distal-most region of the food canal. While basiconic sensilla varied in position (i.e., distance) from the vestibule/food canal junction, they were significantly aggregated (X 2 = 12.38; P < 0.0062) in the two median sections of the distal canal region, thus leading to the rejection of Ho that basiconic sensilla were evenly distributed in subdivisions (i.e., sections) of the distal food canal region.
Mouthparts of hematophagous vectors serve as intermediaries, enabling the transfer of blood and pathogens from and to their hosts. We describe aggregation patterns of basiconic and setiform sensillae in the food canal and cibarium of the medically significant tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood. Mean body length of females was significantly greater than males (n = 20 for each sex). Mean lengths of food canal and cibarium were also significantly greater in females, even when correcting for the greater body lengths of females, but there was no significant difference in total number of sensillae in the food canal or cibarium between the sexes. A pair of basiconic (campaniform) sensillae was consistently present in the food canal of every individual, but numbers of setiform sensillae in the canal of both females and males varied from 53 to 74. No basiconic sensillae were observed in the cibarium proper of any individual, but four minute conical basicones embedded in a sclerotized plate at the posterior edge of the cibarial wall were observed. Number of setiform sensillae in the cibarium varied from 5 to 12 in females and 7 to 11 in males. Setiform and basiconic sensillae were significantly aggregated in the proximal-most (i.e., nearest the head) food canal region of both sexes, whereas setiforms were significantly aggregated in the mid regions of the cibarium. Sensilla aggregation patterns in tsetse flies are very different from those documented for tabanid flies indicating potential differences in monitoring blood flow between these two groups of hematophagous feeders.
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