Development of a means to identify and predict factors associated with chloramine decay in drinking water distribution systems could assist in providing targeted operational strategies which ensure regulatory compliance and ultimately lead to major cost-savings. In this study, novel benchscale pipe section reactors (PSRs) were utilized to evaluate the impact of source water (surface or groundwater), pipe material, pipe age, and flow velocity on chloramine decay in a distribution system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. Batch tests in amber glass bottles quantified decay in treated water which were compared to low-and high-flow PSR experiments to elucidate the impact of water velocity and pipe material on monochloramine decay. Of the factors examined, pipe material and condition (e.g., old or new) were identified as the most critical. Overall, the results of this study reinforce the importance of determining the source of residual disinfectant decay when considering chloramination. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This project was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Chair in Drinking Water Research at the University of Toronto as well as the Regional Municipality of York, Ontario. York Region was consulted in designing, planning, and coordinating this study and has authorized the publication of this work. Thank you kindly to my supervisor, Dr. Robert Andrews, as well as to Dr. Susan Andrews and Dr. Michael McKie; your counsel guided me throughout my degree, and I am incredibly grateful for your leadership.
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