Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar parâmetros genéticos e respostas direta e indireta à seleção de características de desempenho em tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), bem como avaliar o impacto da seleção sobre o ganho genético. Foram utilizadas informações de tilápias-do-nilo, sob seleção em um programa de melhoramento genético, cultivadas em sistema de tanques-rede, de 2008 a 2010. Estimaram-se herdabilidades e correlações genéticas das características ganho em peso diário e, à despesca, peso, largura, altura e comprimento do tronco, além dos ganhos genéticos obtidos com as estimativas de tendências genéticas e das respostas à seleção dessas características. As estimativas de herdabilidade ficaram em torno de 30%. As estimativas de correlações genéticas e de postos foram de alta magnitude. O ganho genético direto para ganho em peso diário foi de 7,9, 5,18 e 9,43%, em 2008, 2009 e 2010, respectivamente. Os ganhos genéticos obtidos a partir das tendências genéticas foram de 6,36, 6,30, 1,62, 1,65 e 1,51%, respectivamente, para ganho em peso diário, peso, largura, altura e comprimento do tronco. O incremento na velocidade de crescimento por meio da seleção impacta positivamente características de desempenho em tilápia-do-nilo.Termos para indexação: Oreochromis niloticus, correlação genética, ganho genético, seleção indireta, tendência genética. Responses to selection for performance traits in Nile tilapiaAbstract -The objective of this work was to estimate genetic parameters and direct and indirect responses to selection for performance traits in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), as well as to evaluate the impact of selection on genetic gain. Information about Nile tilapia, under selection in a genetic improvement program, grown in a net-tank system, from 2008 to 2010, was used. Heritability and genetic correlations for the traits daily weight gain, and, immediately after catching, weight, width, height, and trunk length were estimated, besides the genetic gains obtained by the estimation of genetic tendencies and of the responses to selection for these traits. Heritability estimates were around 30%. The estimates of genetic and rank correlations had high magnitude. The direct genetic gain for daily weight gain was 7. 9, 5.18, and 9.43% in 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively. The genetic gains obtained from the genetic tendencies were 6.36, 6.30, 1.62, 1.65, and 1.51%, respectively, for daily weight gain, and trunk weight, width, height, and length. The increased growth rate through selection positively impacts performance traits in Nile tilapia.
<p>The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and (co)variance of Nellore animals and to characterize the associations between these characteristics for the following carcass traits: weight (W), longissimus muscle area (LMA), rump fat thickness (RF) and fat thickness between the 12th and 13th ribs obtained by ultrasound (BF); also, the following reproductive traits: age at first calving (AFC), first calving interval (FCI), scrotal circumference at 450 and 550 days of age (SC450 and SC550). The genetic parameters were estimated by a single-trait and two traits animal model using Bayesian inference. The model used for all of the features included the genetic random effect and age as covariate assuming a quadratic effect. Additionally, sex, month and year of birth and management of creation and environmental effects identified were included for the carcass traits. For AFC, FCI and SC450 and SC550, we considered only the month and year of birth. The heritability estimates for all of the traits were higher in the two traits analysis, except for AFC and FCI, which showed 0.75 and 0.29, respectively, similar values in the single trait analysis. The two traits analyses resulted in heritability estimates for a posteriori for the features W, LMA, BF, RF, SC450 and SC550 of 0.49, 0.66, 0.74, 0.68 0.66 and 0.74, respectively, suggesting the possibility of genetic gains during a short period of time. The genetic correlations between AFC and carcass traits measured by ultrasound were close to zero. A similar trend was found for AFC, SC450 and SC550 days, indicating that the selection for these traits does not promote changes in AFC. High genetic correlations (0.92, 0.93 and 0.94) were observed between the characteristics LMA and W, BF and RF, and SC450 and SC550, respectively.</p>
ResumoA resistência parasitária e a tendência dos últimos anos de mudança para sistemas orgânicos tem resultado em diversas alternativas de manejo animal como a seleção de raças resistentes, integração com outras espécies animais, fitoterapia, fungos nematófagos, vacinas contra nematódeos, entre outros. Visando uma alternativa para controle da verminose ovina, objetivou-se analisar o efeito da administração de larvas inativadas de Haemonchus associadas ou não a alho in natura no controle de nematódeos gastrointestinais em ovinos naturalmente infectados. Para tanto, 32 ovinos foram avaliados por até 144 dias após tratamentos com larvas inativadas de Haemonchus e/ou alho in natura, quanto à diminuição da eliminação de ovos nas fezes (taxa de Redução na Contagem de Ovos nas Fezes -RCOF), eficiência destes tratamentos sob os gêneros de helmintos e alterações hematológicas. Observou-se aumento significativo na contagem de OPG dos grupos G1 (controle) e G4 (alho in natura). Ao final do experimento observou-se menor contagem de OPG no G3 (larvas inativadas + alho in natura) em relação ao G1, mas sem diferença significativa entre o G3 e os outros tratamentos. Quanto a RCOF, verificou-se redução média de 44% na contagem de ovos do grupo G2 (larvas inativadas) e do grupo G3 e um aumento de 44% no grupo G4. A eficácia dos tratamentos sob o gênero Haemonchus variou de 0 a 77%, sendo esta ultima taxa observada 67 dias no G3, justamente 7 dias depois de observado aumento significativo de linfócitos. Concluiu-se neste estudo que o alho in natura administrado na concentração de 2,5mg/Kg não foi capaz de reduzir a carga parasitária dos ovinos, mas que, quando associado a administração de larvas inativadas de Haemonchus pode ter contribuído como imunoestimulante e que a redução dos ovos eliminados nas fezes dos ovinos tratados com larvas inativadas, apesar de insuficiente para ser considerado um método de controle eficaz, demonstra a possibilidade de viabilidade no uso de vacinas contra Haemonchose. Palavras-chave: Fitoterapia, bioterapia, verminose, pequenos ruminantes AbstractThe parasitic resistance and the tendency of recent years to shift to organic systems has resulted in several alternative animal management as the selection of resistant breeds, integration with other animal species, phytotherapy, nematophagous fungi, nematodes vaccines, among others. Looking for an alternative control of nematode parasites of sheep, this paper aimed to analyze the effect of administration of inactivated larvae of Haemonchus and fresh garlic on the level infection with gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected sheep. Therefore, 32 animals were monitored for 144 days after phyto-biotherapy treatments in relation to reduction of parasite eggs (egg reduction rate -FECR), these treatments under the genres of helminths and hematological changes. It was observed significant increase in the EPGs of G1 (control group) and G4 (fresh garlic). At the end of the experiment observed lower EPG in G3 (inactivated larvae + fresh garlic) compared to...
This study investigated the knowledge of students of Veterinary Medicine and Biological Sciences of the State University of Northern Paraná, Campus Luiz Meneghel, on the ethical and legal guidelines of animal experimentation, as well as the possibility of substitute methods for using sentient animals in classes and scientific practices. The research involved 162 freshman students and graduating students, aged 17 to 32 years. The students responded to the questionnaire containing objective and subjective questions, and the answers were analysed by descriptive statistics. It was observed that 87% of the students were unaware of the concept of the "3Rs" and 81.5% did not know the existence of alternative methods that can replace the use of live animals in studies. In addition, only 24.7% of respondents reported they had studied "bioethics" before graduation. However, 94.3% and 96.2% of the students from veterinary medicine and biological sciences, respectively, considered it important to insert animal welfare and bioethics in the curriculum of such courses. The results demonstrated that the ethical and statutory guidelines that rule the use of animals in scientific experiments and in classes are unknown even among senior students and there is still great resistance to the exclusion of animal models. Thus, it is important that animal welfare and bioethics remain in the curriculum in higher education through the insertion of such subjects, even as elective courses that aim to work with methodologies and innovative strategies in synergistic action with ethics committees for animal use, which are responsible for analysing, guiding and supervising the relevance of animal use in education and research. Therefore, the curriculum will be able to achieve rationalization in the use of animal models, the sustainable and "humanitarian" development of teaching and research, and the training of more conscious and ethical professionals, perceptions that must be achieved through a national education curriculum.
Glucose is an essential carbohydrate for the good functioning of the organism and in normal conditions it is able to maintain the glucose in adequate levels. The glucose can be measured by the portable glucometer or by the laboratory method, which is considered the standard methodology, but with disadvantages such as cost and the necessary amount of blood. The portable glucometer shows itself to be an applicable option because it is less expensive and faster. This prospective clinical study aimed to compare and evaluate the efficiency between the OneTouch UltraMini® portable monitor and the automated colorimetric method for measuring the blood glucose concentration of 48 dogs and 20 cats. The results obtained from the mean of the portable monitor and laboratory method were 87.54 mg/dL and 94.47 mg/dL for dogs, and 85.95 mg/dL and 100 mg/dL for cats, respectively. It could be concluded that the comparison between the methods showed that the portable meter represents an excellent option for measuring blood glucose in dogs and cats.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.